奥克肖特“诗教智慧”揭解及其时代蕴涵

An Explanation of Oakeshott’s Wisdom on“Poetic Education”and Its Implications for the Times

“诗教智慧”可视作奥克肖特探究教育问题的理论尝试与逻辑思考。文明的演化沉溺于技术工具理性的引领和支配,这激发出他对教育活动的诗性考察。其表达方式——沉思与想象的“诗歌”——旨在审视和揭露工具理性的本质特征及其自相矛盾的思维。诗歌是教育谈话运作时牵制理性思维陷入极端、僵化的纠正方式。它通过揭释和鉴别谈话的旨向、参与者的个性及其交互关系,触发推动彼此相合的志趣与共情,以此缓和可能存在的分歧与冲突。为达至共同理解的道德理想,它通过“制定解决方案”“评估道德结果的优与劣”“重识谈话关系及其诸构成要素”,重新确立参与者的意志和构想,为谈话的深入发展提供适当选择的合作关系与方式。诗歌的思维方式在教育理性产生剧烈震动与变化、陷入对峙争持的龃龉状态中,彰显出维持和洽稳定的审慎之道。

Oakeshott’s wisdom on“poetic education”is considered a theoretical effort and logical thinking of educational exploration.What stimulates Oakeshott’s investigation of poetic education is the subjugation of civilization evolution to the excessive dominance of technology and instrumental rationality.Means of Oakeshott’s wisdom on poetic education,meditation and imaginary poetry,aim at inspecting and disclos⁃ing the substantive characteristics of instrumental rationality and its self-contradictory mindset.Poetry can keep rational thinking at bay and rectify it when it goes extreme and ossified.Poetry can reveal and identify the theme and direction of a conversation,the personality of participants,and their inter-relations;touch off their congruent interests and promote mutual empathy;and henceforth mitigate potential divergence and clash.To achieve a shared comprehensible moral ideal,poetry reestablishes the will and conception of par⁃ticipants by making solutions,assessing the strength and weakness of moral results,and recognizing con⁃versational relations as well as the elements;and it provides a cooperative relationship and mode which are properly chosen for the further development of conversation.The poetic mode of thinking demonstrates a prudent way of maintaining harmony and stability in case educational rationality produce drastic shocks and changes or fall into confrontational discord.