艺术探索与转型困顿——论沈从文20世纪40年代的小说创作转向

Artistic Exploration and Transformation Dilemma:On Shen Congwen’s Creative Turn in the Novels of the 1940s

沈从文20世纪40年代的小说创作呈现一种新的探索姿态。这一阶段的小说创作构成沈从文文学生命的重要部分,是他精神心理与审美取向的具象化呈现。在此次艺术探索中,身体书写是叙事表达的重要途径,沈从文意在以生命的神性为旨归,追求肉体的精神升华和超越。“抽象的抒情”是他最终选择的艺术策略,主要体现为语词的技法和象征手法的使用。然而,抽象的艺术思维无法支撑沈从文那套宏大的思想体系,他的文字同样沉溺于无法清晰表达的焦虑之中。沈从文40年代的试验性小说创作引起的争议远多于对作品的正面评价,以失败告终。

Shen Congwen’s fictions in the 1940s showed a new attitude of exploration.The novels written during this period constitute an important part of Shen Congwen’s literary life,and are a tangible representation of his spiritual psychology and aesthetic orientation.In this artistic exploration,physical writing was an important means of narrative expression,and“abstract lyricism”was the artistic strategy he ultimately chose.However,Shen’s artistic thinking could not support his grand system of thought,and his words were equally drowned in inexpressible anxiety.Shen’s experimental novels of the 1940s caused more controversy than positive evaluation of his work and ended in failure.