植物群落物种多样性与地境异质性的关系分析

Relationship Between Species Diversity of Plant Communities and Heterogeneity of Underground Habitat

地境特征决定植物长势和群落特征,地境构建是生态修复的关键环节之一.采用经典统计学法,以多年生植物为研究目标,从地境层片在不同野外调查点与各调查点样坑的垂向剖面上各个理化指标含量分布的差异入手研究地境异质性,并将研究指标含量与物种多样性指数分级统计,探讨植物群落物种多样性与地境异质性之间的关系.研究表明:①有效磷、水解性氮、有机质是影响植物群落物种多样性的主要指标,而植物对各个指标利用能力的差异也可能促使地境层片内各指标表现出不同程度的异质性;②多年生植物地境层片中某单个指标满足水解性氮30~60mg/kg、速效钾100~200mg/kg、有效磷1~3mg/kg、有机质1%~3%、全盐量0.5~1.0g/kg、含水率20%~30%.研究结果有助于植物群落物种多样性表现出最高水平,从而为研究区生态修复提供科学依据.

The characteristics of underground habitat determine the plant growth potential and community characteristics,and the construction of underground habitat is one of the key links of ecological restoration.With perennial plants as the research object,classical statistical method is used to to study the heterogeneity of underground habitat according to the differences in the content distribution of physical and chemical indexes in the vertical profiles of different field survey sites and sample pits at different survey sites of underground habitat synusium.The research index contents and species diversity indexes are classified and counted separately,so as to explore the relationship between species diversity of plant community and heterogeneity of underground habitat.The results indicate that:①Available phosphorus,hydrolyzed nitrogen and organic matter are main indexes which affect the species diversity of plant communities,while the differences about the utilization ability of plants for each index may also promote different degrees of heterogeneities of every index in the underground habitat layer;②When the single indicator of the perennial plant in the underground habitat layer meets the requirements of 30-60 mg/kg hydrolyzable nitrogen,100-200 mg/kg available potassium,1-3 mg/kg available phosphorus,1%-3%organic matter,0.5-1.0 g/kg total salt and 20%-30%water content,it will help to show the highest level of plant community species diversity,so as to contribute to the ecology restoration of the study area.