基于PSR模型的岳阳市景观健康时空演变研究

Study on Spatiotemporal Evolution of Landscape Health in Yueyang City Based on PSR Model

【目的】景观健康的演变是自然因素和社会经济因素相互作用的结果,城镇化过程中暴露的各种社会经济和生态问题在一定程度上可以反映在当前的景观健康状况中,诊断研究区域的景观健康能识别空间环境问题,有效进行科学的空间管控。【方法】结合生态系统健康和景观生态学理论,以“压力—状态—响应(PSR)”模型和“活力—组织—恢复—功能”结构框架为基础构建了岳阳市景观健康评价指标体系;集成层次分析法(AHP)与熵权法(EWM)明确指标权重值;利用ArcGIS叠加分析、景观健康等级转移矩阵等,明晰岳阳市景观健康时空演变规律及空间异质性特征。【结果】2000—2020年岳阳市的景观健康呈上升趋势,景观健康等级以Ⅲ级为主,景观健康指数均值由0.46上升至0.48;景观健康等级提高区域占研究区总面积的34.14%,无变化的区域为51.05%,景观健康趋差的面积为14.81%,岳阳市景观健康以稳定型为主,改善型面积远大于退化型面积。不同土地利用景观健康变化主要集中在林地、耕地、水域、建设用地,景观健康退化面积占比为耕地>水域>林地>草地>建设用地。【结论】不同地类的景观健康等级变化有差异,未来岳阳市的国土空间规划应多关注耕地、水域、林地的景观健康状况。

【Objective】The evolution of landscape health is the result of the interaction between natural and socio-economic factors,and various socio-economic and ecological problems exposed in the process of urbanization can be reflected in the current landscape health condition to a certain extent.Therefore,the diagnosis and study of the area landscape health can find out spatial environment problems and effectively carry out scientific spatial control.【Method】The landscape health evaluating indicator system in Yueyang City was established on the theory of ecosystem health and landscape ecology,“Pressure-State-Response AHP”model and“Vitality-Organization-Resilience-Function”model.Besides,integrating analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and entropy weight method(EWM)were used to define the index weight value.And by using ArcGIS overlay analysis and landscape health grade transfer matrix,the spatial-temporal evolution and spatial heterogeneity of landscape health in Yueyang can be clarified.【Result】From 2000 to 2020,the landscape health of Yueyang showed an upward trend with its grade mostlyⅢand the its average index increasing from 0.46 to 0.48.The area with improved landscape health grade accounted for 34.14%of the total study area,the area with no change was 51.04%and the area with poor landscape health was 14.81%.The landscape health of Yueyang was stable,and the area of improved type was much larger than that of degraded type.The landscape health changes of different land use in Yueyang mainly concentrated in forest land,cultivated land,water area and construction land,and the percentage of landscape health degraded area was cultivated land>water area>forest land>grassland>construction land.【Conclusion】From the above research results,it can be seen that the landscape health level of different land types has different changes,the future territorial spatial planning of Yueyang City should pay more attention to the landscape health of cultivated land,water area and forest land.