一株野生金针菇菌种的分离、鉴定与生物学特性研究

Isolation,identification and biological characteristics of a wild Flammulina filiformis strain

为给野生食用菌开发利用提供候选菌种资源,以采自杨树树桩上的野生大型真菌JC423为研究对象,通过形态学鉴定、出菇试验、ITS序列分析和系统发育分析,明确其分离地位。采用单因素试验,研究不同碳源、氮源、无机盐、维生素、pH值和温度对JC423菌丝生长的影响。结果表明,采集的野生食用菌依据子实体形态初步鉴定为金针菇。ITS序列分析获得773 bp目的片段;BLAST序列比对显示,目的片段与Flammulina filiformis strain F007相似性最高,为99.34%;下载部分相似性序列,用MEGA 7.0构建进化树,JC423与序列号为MN337400.1的F.filiformis strain F007聚为一支,结合形态学特征将JC423鉴定为金针菇。生物学特性结果表明,JC423菌丝生长适宜碳源为果糖,适宜氮源为蛋白胨,适宜pH值范围为9~10,适宜生长温度为25℃,无机盐和维生素对菌丝生长影响不大。该研究明确了野生金针菇菌丝生长的营养需求和条件,研究结果可以为金针菇开发利用奠定基础。

The isolation,identification and biological characteristics of a wild edible fungus were studied to provide candidate strain resources for the development and utilization of wild edible fungi.The wild macrofungi JC423 collected from poplar stumps was taken as the research object,and its taxonomic status was clarified through morphological identification,fruiting test,ITS sequences analysis and phylogenetic analysis.The effects of different carbon sources,nitrogen sources,inorganic salts,vitamins,pH and temperature on the growth of JC423 hyphae were studied by single factor experiment.The results showed that the collected wild edible fungi were preliminarily identified as Flammulina velutiper according to the shape of the fruiting bodies.The 773 bp target fragment was obtained by ITS sequence analysis.BLAST sequence alignment showed that the highest similarity between this strain and F.filiformis strain F007 was 99.34%.Partially similar sequences were downloaded and an evolutionary tree was constructed by MEGA 7.0.JC423 and F.filiformis strain F007 with the serial number MN337400.1 were clustered together.Combined with morphological characteristics,JC423 was identified as F.filiformis.The results of biological characteristics showed that the suitable carbon source for the growth of JC423 mycelium was fructose,the suitable nitrogen source was peptone,the suitable pH range was 9-10,and the suitable growth temperature was 25℃.Inorganic salts and vitamins had little effect on mycelial growth.The study clarified the nutritional requirements and conditions for the growth of wild F.filiformis,and laid a foundation for the development and utilization of F.filiformis.