提示申请行政许可责任的理论基础及其规范建构

The Theoretical Basis and Normative Construction of the Prompting Responsibility for Applying for Administrative Licensing

行政许可保护公共利益的功能目标、依申请性所内涵的公法权利保护内核、政府管制属性的行政法制约取向及加强部门法衔接、统筹国内外法治和指导当前执法与司法实务的需要,均从规范逻辑的不同角度对设定行政主体提示申请行政许可责任提出了要求。同时,地方立法与执法方式创新的成果、境外立法例的成熟经验、数字法治政府建设的推进,为其提供了现实支撑。从本质上而言,行政主体提示申请行政许可责任是规制性行政指导,具有独特的规范价值;以其可期利益的客观反射性为前提,可以分别明确行政相对人不听从提示和行政主体不当履行提示责任的法律后果。在此基础上,以是否规定责令改正的法律责任为标准,划定行政主体提示申请行政许可责任的适用范围;从主体、对象和条件三个角度出发构建其适用要件体系,并具体设计其履行方式。

The function of administrative licensing to protect public interests,the requirement for the protection of public law rights contained in the attribute of application of administrative license,the administrative law restriction orientation of government control attribute of administrative license,and the need to strengthen the cohesion of departmental laws,coordinate the rule of law at home and abroad and guide current law enforcement and judicial practice,puts forward requirements for setting the responsibility of the administrative subject to prompt the application for administrative license from the perspective of normative logic.At the same time,the achievements of local legislation and law enforcement innovation,the mature experience of overseas legislative cases,and the construction of the digital government under the rule of law,provide a realistic support for it.In essence,the responsibility of the administrative subject to prompt the application for administrative license is a regulatory administrative guidance,which has a unique normative value.On the premise of the objective reflexivity of its expected interests,the legal consequences of the administrative counterpart not obeying the prompt and the administrative subject's improper performance of the prompt responsibility can be clearly defined.On this basis,the scope of application of the administrative subject's responsibility for prompting an application for administrative license is demarcated based on whether the legal responsibility for ordering corrections is stipulated;from the three perspectives of subject,object and conditions,the system of applicable requirements is constructed,and its implementation method is specifically designed.