论数据主权的管辖权和控制权

On the Jurisdiction and Control of Data Sovereignty

当前,数据日益成为国家的战略资源,围绕网络空间展开的数据资源争夺愈演愈烈,传统主权概念由此延伸至网络空间,“数据主权”顺势而生。管辖权和控制权是数据主权的核心内容。当前,国际社会尚没有就数据主权的控制权与管辖权构建相关国际规则。各国基于国家利益自主制定的数据主权管辖规则极力追求自我利益最大化,导致各国规则界限冲突,有走向恶性竞争循环的风险。数据主权规则竞争则加剧了司法管辖权和数据控制权争议协调难度。目前美欧在极力抗争的同时更加意识到合作共赢的必要性,如何处理数据管辖权和控制权问题,事关国家安全与发展,为了更好维护我国数据主权,亟需发展完善数据主权法律制度。

At present,data increasingly become a country’s strategic resources.Data resource competition around cyberspace gets ever fierce.The traditional sovereignty concept extends to that in the cyberspace,with“Data Sovereignty”coming into existence along with this trend.Jurisdiction and control constitute core contents in data sovereignty.With this regard,this paper makes a comparative study of American and European legislative and judicial progress in data regulatory jurisdiction and control,pointing out their fierce competition over relevant legal systems.The main reason lies in their competition for discourse rights guiding the global data sovereignty governance.Meanwhile,in order to better maintain Chinese data sovereignty,it is necessary to develop and perfect China’s data sovereignty legal system.