原油对潮间带泥蚶抗氧化酶活性影响初步探究

Preliminary Study on the Effect of Crude Oil on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Tegillarca granosa in Intertidal Zone

以泥蚶鳃和内脏团抗氧化酶为生物标志物,探究潮间带沉积物不同浓度原油污染72 h后对泥蚶急性毒性效应。研究表明,泥蚶鳃超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)酶活性均高于内脏团,而内脏团中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)则更高;随着原油污染浓度增加,泥蚶鳃SOD和GST,内脏团CAT,低浓度组中GPx酶活性均呈先升高后降低趋势,表明低浓度原油污染下泥蚶酶活性升高以对抗污染造成身体机能损伤;原油浓度逐渐增加,酶活性则受抑制。泥蚶鳃GPx酶活性最大诱导倍数高于其他抗氧化酶,结合不同组织抗氧化酶活性大小及差异显著性分析发现,泥蚶鳃GPx酶活性更敏感,可以作为生物标志物应用于海洋原油污染的监测。

Antioxidative enzymes in the gills and visceral mass of Tegillarca granosa were used as biomarkers to explore the acute toxic effects of different concentrations of crude oil in intertidal sediments on T.granosa after 72 hours of pollution.The present study showed that the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and glutathione stransferase(GST)enzymes in the gills of the mussels were higher than those in the visceral mass,and the glutathione peroxidase(GPx)enzyme activity was higher in the visceral mass.With the increase of crude oil pollution concentration,the enzyme activities of SOD and GST in gills,CAT in the visceral mass,and GPx in the low-concentration group all increased first and then decreased,indicating that the enzyme activities of T.granosa were exposed to low-concentration crude oil pollution.The crude oil concentration gradually increased,and the enzyme activity was inhibited.The maximum induction multiple of GPx enzyme activity in the gills of the T.granosa is higher than that of other antioxidant enzymes.Combined with the difference and significance analysis of antioxidant enzyme activities in different tissues,it is found that the activity of GPx in gills is more sensitive and can be used as a biomarker for monitoring marine crude oil pollution.