壳聚糖对肉牛免疫功能、肠道菌群及经济效益的影响

Effects of chitosan on immune function,intestinal flora,and economic benefits

文章旨在研究壳聚糖对肉牛免疫功能、肠道菌群及经济效益的影响。试验选择30头西门塔尔杂交牛,随机分成3组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头,1组饲喂基础日粮,为对照组,试验2、3组分别在基础日粮中添加500、1000 mg/kg的壳聚糖,预试期7 d,试验期60 d。结果表明:(1)试验2组的IgA、IgM、IgG含量分别比1组提高了25.29%、20.50%、4.19%,试验3组的IgA、IgM、IgG含量比1组提高5.75%、16.77%、4.01%,其中2组IgA含量显著高于1组和3组(P<0.05),IgM、IgG含量未显现显著的组间差异(P>0.05);(2)2组乳酸菌含量显著高于1组和3组(P<0.05),大肠杆菌、总需氧菌含量未显现显著差异(P>0.05),3组较1组乳酸菌、大肠杆菌均有提升;(3)试验2、3组肉牛每千克增重成本较1组分别提升了0.07、1.99元。综上所述,添加不同水平的壳聚糖可以提高肉牛免疫功能,对肠道乳酸菌有促进作用,但大肠杆菌抑制效果随用量的增加会出现负效应,经济效益随壳聚糖用量地提升饲料成本不断增加,添加量以500 mg/kg为宜。

The purpose of the experiment was to study the effects of chitosan on immune function,intestinal flora,and economic benefits of beef cattle.In the experiment,30 Simmental crossbred cattle were selected and randomly divided into three groups,with 10 replicates in each group,one for each replicates.Group 1 was fed a basic diet as a control group.Groups 2 and 3 were respectively supplemented with 500 and 1000 mg/kg of chitosan in the basic diet.The preliminary trial period was 7 days,and the trial period was 60 days.The results showed that:(1)The contents of IgA,IgM,and IgG in Test Group 2 were 25.29%,20.50%,and 4.19%higher than those in Group 1,respectively,while the contents of IgA,IgM,and IgG in Test Group 3 were 5.75%,16.77%,and 4.01%higher than those in Group 1.The contents of IgA in Group 2 were significantly higher than those in Group 1 and Group 3(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the contents of IgM,and IgG between groups(P>0.05);(2)The content of lactic acid bacteria in group 2 was significantly higher than that in group 1 and group 3(P<0.05);(3)The cost per kilogram of beef cattle in Experiment 2 and Group 3 increased by 0.07 yuan and 1.99 yuan compared to Group 1,respectively.In summary,the addition of different levels of chitosan can improve the immune function of beef cattle,and is beneficial to the promotion of lactic acid bacteria in the intestinal flora.However,the inhibition effect of Escherichia coli will have a negative effect as the dosage increases,and the economic benefit will increase with the increase in the dosage of chitosan,resulting in a slight increase in feed costs to a greater increase in the burden.The appropriate addition of 500 mg/kg is appropriate.