日粮添加植物精油对肉鸭生长性能、养分消化及肉品质的影响

Effects of dietary plant essential oils on growth performance,nutrient digestion and meat quality of ducks

文章旨在研究植物精油对肉鸭生长性能、养分消化及肉品质的影响。试验将720只健康樱桃谷肉鸭随机分为4个处理,每组6个重复,每个重复30只肉鸭。CK组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,T1、T2、T3组分别在基础日粮中分别添加100、200、300 mg/kg植物精油,试验为期35 d。试验结果表明,与对照组相比,添加精油对日采食量无显著影响(P>0.05),添加100 mg/kg精油对日增重无显著影响(P>0.05),添加200、300 mg/kg精油能显著提高肉鸭日增重(增幅10%~13%),降低料重比(降幅6%),提高存活率(P<0.05);添加200、300 mg/kg精油均显著提高肉鸭对粗灰分、钙、磷、有机物和干物质的表观利用率(P<0.05),显著提高胸肌率(增幅19%)和胸肌a*和b*值(P<0.05),降低腹脂率(降幅25%~31%)和胸肌L*值(P<0.05),200和300 mg/kg精油组差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,植物精油可以在一定程度上促进肉鸭生长,提高养分吸收与肉品质,在本试验条件下植物精油的适宜添加量为200 mg/kg。

To clarify the effects of plant essential oil on growth performance,nutrient digestion and meat quality of meat ducks is of great significance for its rational application in healthy breeding of meat ducks.In this experiment,720 healthy ducks were randomly divided into 4 groups.CK group was fed with basal diet.T1,T2 and T3 groups were fed with 100,200 and 300 mg/kg plant essential oils respectively for 35 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,the supplementation of essential oil had no significant effect on daily feed intake(P>0.05),and the supplementation of 100 mg/kg essential oil had no significant effect on daily gain(P>0.05),the treatment with 200 or 300 mg/kg essential oil could significantly increase the daily gain by 10%to 13%,reduce the feed-to-weight ratio by 6%,improve the survival rate,and improve the apparent utilization rate of crude ash,calcium,phosphorus,organic matter and dry matter(P<0.05).Significantly increase chest muscle rate by 19%and chest muscle a*and b*value,reduce abdominal fat rate by 25%to 31%and chest muscle L*value(P<0.05).But there was no significant difference between 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg essential oil addition treatments.To sum up,plant essential oil can promote the growth of meat duck to a certain extent,improve nutrient absorption and meat quality.Under the experimental conditions,the suitable addition amount of plant essential oil is 200 mg/kg.