黄淮麦区假禾谷镰刀菌对3种杀菌剂敏感性测定

Sensitivity of Fusarium pseudograminearum isolates to three fungicides in Huang-Huai wheat region

以假禾谷镰刀菌Fusarium pseudograminearum为主要病原菌引起的小麦茎基腐病已经成为黄淮麦区的主要小麦病害之一,对小麦生产安全带来严重威胁。为了解假禾谷镰刀菌对氰烯菌酯、戊唑醇和咯菌腈3种杀菌剂的敏感性,采用菌丝生长速率法对采自河南、河北、山东的108株假禾谷镰刀菌进行了室内毒力测定。试验结果表明:氰烯菌酯对假禾谷镰刀菌的EC_(50)为0.088~0.929μg/mL,EC_(50)均值为(0.471±0.181)μg/mL;敏感性分布为连续单峰曲线,经Shapiro-Wilk正态性检验符合正态分布(W=0.988,P=0.437>0.05),所以将所有菌株的EC_(50)平均值0.471μg/mL定为假禾谷镰刀菌对氰烯菌酯的敏感基线;戊唑醇对供试菌株的EC_(50)为0.015~0.961μg/mL,EC_(50)均值为(0.384±0.219)μg/mL,敏感性分布不符合连续单峰的正态分布;咯菌腈对供试菌株的EC_(50)为0.029~0.354μg/mL,EC_(50)均值为(0.153±0.075)μg/mL,敏感性分布不符合连续单峰的正态分布。不同地理来源菌株间敏感性存在差异,但对这3种杀菌剂都表现出较高的敏感性。本试验结果为3种杀菌剂在小麦茎基腐病上的防治应用提供了理论基础,为病原菌对药剂的敏感性、抗药性监测提供了重要信息。

Fusarium crown rot primarily caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum has become one of the main wheat diseases in Huang-Huai wheat area,which poses serious threat to wheat production safety.In order to understand the sensitivity of F.pseudograminearum to three fungicides,including phenamacril,tebuconazole and fludioxonil,the toxicity of 108 F.pseudograminearum strains collected from Henan,Hebei and Shandong provinces was determined by mycelial growth rate method in laboratory.The results showed that the EC_(50) value of phenamacril against F.pseudograminearum ranged from 0.088 to 0.929μg/mL,and the mean value of EC_(50) was(0.471±0.181)μg/mL.Shapiro-wilk normality test conforms to normal distribution(W=0.988,P=0.437>0.05),so the sensitivity baseline was 0.471μg/mL.The EC_(50) value of tebuconazole ranged from 0.015 to 0.961μg/mL,and the mean EC_(50) value was(0.384±0.219)μg/mL.The sensitivity distribution did not comply with the normal distribution of continuous single peak.The EC_(50) value of fludioxonil was 0.029-0.354μg/mL,and the mean value of EC_(50) was(0.153±0.075)μg/mL.The sensitivity distribution did not conform to the normal distribution of continuous single peak.There were differences in susceptibility among strains of different geographical origin,but they all showed high sensitivity to the three fungicides.The results provided theoretical basis for the application of the three fungicides in the prevention and control of Fusarium crown rot,and provided important information for the monitoring of pathogen sensitivity and fungicide resistance.