原油中芳烃化合物的柱层析与银离子薄层色谱分离方法对比研究

Comparison of column chromatography and Ag^(+)⁃thin layer chromatography for aromatic compounds in crude oil

对比研究银离子薄层色谱法(Ag^(+)-TLC)和柱层析法对原油中不同环数芳烃的分离效果与适用范围,旨在为后续有机地球化学研究中芳烃定量分析和单体烃同位素测试提供理论支撑。银离子薄层色谱法可以更好地富集单环芳烃,并将不同异构体的单环芳烃差异化富集于不同的组分中,但对多环芳烃的富集程度较低,损失严重,且易引入杂峰干扰;而柱层析法对双环和多环芳烃化合物具有更好的分离效果。银离子薄层色谱法适用于单环芳烃的精细分离,可用于富集烷基苯和芳基类异戊二烯系列化合物,并满足测定其单体烃同位素的检测要求;而柱层析法则能较好地富集萘、菲和三芳甾烷等系列化合物,并达到了测定单体烃同位素的分离度要求。

By comparing the separation effects and applicability of Ag^(+)-thin layer chromatography(Ag^(+)-TLC)and column chromatography on aromatic hydrocarbons with different ring numbers in crude oil,this article aims to provide theoretical support for the quantitative analysis of aromatics and isotope analysis of monomer hydrocar⁃bon in organic geochemical research.The results showed that Ag^(+)-TLC can better enrich monocyclic aromatics and differentiate the monocyclic aromatics of different isomers into different components,but has a poor effect in enriching palycyclic aromatics,which may lead to severe losses and possible peak interference.Column chroma⁃tography has better separation effects on dinuclear and polycyclic aromatic compounds.Therefore,Ag^(+)-TLC,suitable for the fine separation of monocyclic aromatics,can be used to enrich alkylbenzenes and aryl isopre⁃noids,and meets the detection requirements for measuring their monomer hydrocarbon isotopes;while column chromatography can effectively enrich series of compounds such as naphthalene,phenanthrene,and triaromatic steroids,and meets the requirements for detecting the separating degree of monomeric hydrocarbon isotopes.