考虑多主体的可调节负荷聚合参与市场平衡策略研究

Research on Market Balance Strategy of Adjustable Load Aggregation Considering Multiple Agents

随着我国新能源发电占比不断提高,仅靠传统手段已难以维持电网安全平稳运转和动态平衡,亟需通过调整灵活负荷资源积极参与电网调节。本文以电动汽车、空调、储能等柔性负荷作为参与电网平衡的主体,研究通过负荷聚合的形式参与多级电网平衡。首先,建立各个参与平衡主体的优化模型;其次,基于电价型需求响应与主从博弈,提出以配电网运营商经济效益最大、电动汽车与空调各自用电成本最低为目标的优化模型。最后,建立上层为配电网运营商,下层为电动汽车聚合商和空调聚合商的主从博弈模型。算例分析表明,所提出的优化模型在提高各主体经济性的同时能有效降低峰谷差。

With the increasing proportion of new energy power generation in China, power grid alone has been difficult to maintain the safe and stable operation and dynamic balance by traditional means.It is urgent to actively participate in power grid regulation by adjusting flexible load resources.Therefore, this paper takes electric vehicles, air conditioning, energy storage and other flexible loads as the main participants in power grid balance, and studies their participation in multi-level power grid balance in the form of load aggregation.Firstly, the optimization model of each participant in balance is established.Secondly, based on the electricity price demand response and the master-slave game, an optimization model is proposed to maximize the economic benefits of distribution network operators and minimize the respective electricity costs of electric vehicles and air conditioners.Finally, a master-slave game model is established in which the upper layer is the distribution network operator and the lower layer is the electric vehicle aggregator and the air conditioning aggregator.The example analysis shows that the optimization model proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the peak-valley difference while improving the economy of each subject.