无人机航测大比例尺地形图技术研究

Research on large-scale topographic map technology for UAV aerial survey

本文旨在研究无人机航空摄影测量技术的应用和发展潜力,分析该技术在地形图测绘领域的优势和亟待解决的问题,探讨如何提高无人机航摄效率、测量精度、测绘质量。研究表明:无人机航空摄影测量技术作为一种新兴的大比例尺地形图测绘手段,已经迅猛发展,并可以实现1∶500的地形测量精度。未来该技术还具有更大的发展潜力和应用前景。然而,无人机航空摄影测量技术面临着小型无人机飞行姿态不稳定、相片畸变等问题,这些问题亟待解决。通过对小型无人机飞行姿态不稳定造成相片出现旋角、倾角过大和使用非测量数码相机造成相片畸变等问题进行分析研究,并结合扬州邗江区工程实际,研究采用小型无人机后差分技术获取测区数据,发现采用辅助空中三角测量(PPK)与无人机航摄技术,可有效提高数据处理速度,进一步提高测绘质量。因此,进一步提高无人机航摄效率、测量精度、测绘质量是无人机航空摄影测量技术未来发展的重要方向。

This article aims to study the application and development potential of drone aerial photogrammetry technology,analyze its advantages and urgent problems in the field of topographic mapping,and explore how to improve drone aerial photogrammetry efficiency,measurement accuracy and surveying quality.The research has shown that drone aerial photogrammetry technology,as an emerging large-scale topographic mapping method,has rapidly developed and can achieve terrain measurement accuracy of 1∶500.In the future,this technology has greater development potential and application prospects.However,unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photogrammetry technology faces problems such as unstable flight posture and photo distortion of small unmanned aerial vehicles,which urgently need to be addressed.By analyzing and studying the problems such as too much Angle and dip Angle of the photo caused by the unstable flight attitude of small UAV and the photo distortion caused by the use of non-measuring digital camera,and combining with the engineering practice of Yangzhou Hanjiang District,the paper studies the use of small UAV post difference technology to acquire the survey area data,and finds that the use of assisted aerial triangulation(PPK)and UAV aerial photography technology.It can effectively improve the data processing speed and further improve the surveying and mapping quality.Therefore,further improving UAV aerial photography efficiency,measurement accuracy and surveying quality is an important direction for the future development of UAV aerial photogrammetry technology.