从“自我关怀”到“生命关怀”:社会工作的“生命”转向及其发展

From“Self Care”to“Life Care”:The“Life”Turn of Social Work and Its Development

“生命影响生命”是社会工作者奉行的宗旨,即社会工作者带着对生命理解的凝练进入服务对象的生命,并带来服务对象生命状态的转变。但在传统实证主义取向下,社会工作只关注服务对象却无法指涉自身,这种忽视“自我”的专业矛盾引发社会工作“自我关怀”的议题。既有研究对于“自我关怀”的讨论存在二元简单分化,囿于“自我”主观认知、走向外在技术关注等局限。因此,提出“生命关怀”的社会工作转向,借助Frankl生命意义的思想,更加注重探索和挖掘社会工作者的内在生命意义,尝试构建创造工作叙事、体验真善与爱、共情相遇苦难的框架,并建议在专业教育课程中融入“生命关怀”的内容。

For a long time,Social workers have pursued the purpose of“life on life”.That is,social workers enter the life of clients with an understanding of life and bring about changes.But under the orientation of positivism,social workers only pay attention to clients and cannot take care of their own life status in reality.This contradiction has triggered the issue of“self care”in social work.Through a critical understanding of“self care”,the author puts forward the social work turn of“life care”,which refers to Frankl’s thought of life meaning,tries to build a framework of creating a work narrative,experiencing truth,kindness,and love,and meeting suffering with empathy.Finally,it is suggested that the content of“life care”should be integrated into the professional education curriculum.