石羊河流域地表水资源量时空变化特征及趋势研究

Research on the Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics and Trends of Surface Water Resources in Shiyang River Basin

为了更准确地掌握石羊河流域水资源量变化特征,本文收集了流域内主要河流的实测径流资料,采用滑动平均法、线性回归检验法、Lee-Heghinian法,从水资源量的时间变化、空间分布、趋势及突变年份等多角度进行了分析研究。结果表明,流域内水资源量年内分配不均,主要集中在5—9月,7月、8月最集中;夏秋偏多,秋冬少;石羊河下游、杂木河、西营河、古浪河水量呈递减趋势,平均每年递减变化率分别为0.017亿m^(3)、0.043亿m^(3)、0.008亿m^(3)、0.008亿m^(3);西大河、金川河呈递增趋势,平均每年递增变化率为0.002亿m^(3)、0.008亿m^(3);空间分布上,水资源量从海拔较高的地方向盆地平原区递减,水量随流程递减。该研究可为流域水资源量评价、跨区域引水、农业灌溉等提供参考依据。

In order to grasp more accurately the characteristics of changes in water resources in Shiyang River Basin,this paper collects the measured flow data of the main rivers in the basin and analyzes and studies the temporal variation,spatial distribution,trends and abrupt years of water resources from multiple perspectives using the sliding average method,linear regression test method and Lee-Heghinian method.The results show that the distribution of water resources in the basin is uneven throughout the year,mainly concentrated from May to September,with July and August being the most concentrated;there is more water in summer and autumn and less in autumn and winter.The water volume of the downstream Shiyang River,Zamu River,Xiying River and Gulang River shows a decreasing trend,with an average annual decrease rate of 1.7 million cubic meters,4.3.million cubic meters,0.8 million cubic meters,and 0.8 million cubic meters,respectively.The Xida River and Jinchuan River shows an increasing trend,with an average annual increase rate of 0.2 million cubic meters and 0.8 million cubic meters,respectively.In terms of spatial distribution,water resources decrease from higher altitudes to the basin plain area,with water volume decreasing along the flow.This study can provide reference basis for evaluating water resources in the basin,cross-regional water diversion and agricultural irrigation.