农村微电网光储容量优化配置研究

Research on Optimal Configuration of Photovoltaic and Energy Storage in Rural Microgrid

微电网系统作为整合分布式光伏电源的有效载体,是实现分布式光伏就地消纳利用,发挥分布式光伏发电系统效能的有效方式。为了保证微电网系统供电可靠性,最大限度提升光伏利用率和经济效益,需要为农村微电网系统配置合适的储能。为此针对农村地区负荷特性进行研究,结合系统结构和光伏出力特性确定储能系统充放电策略,综合考虑广东某农村地区的电网负荷特性、农村峰谷电价及环保效益等多种经济性因素,以光伏利用率最大和经济性最优为优化目标,建立基于改进遗传算法的微电网光储容量优化配置模型。以广东某农村地区微电网的运行数据为基础进行仿真分析,分别对含工业区农村地区、农业为主农村地区以及偏远农村地区场景算例进行分析。研究结果表明优化后的光伏和储能系统可以有效提高微电网系统的光伏利用率和经济性。该模型可为其他农村地区微电网的光储容量配置方案设计提供参考。

As an effective carrier for integrated distributed photovoltaic power,the microgrid system is the most effective way to realize the on-site consumption and utilization of distributed photovoltaic and give full play to the efficiency of the distributed photovoltaic power generation system.In order to ensure the reliability of the power supply of the microgrid system and maximize photovoltaic utilization and economic benefit,it is necessary to configure appropriate energy storage for the rural microgrid system.Therefore,this paper studies load characteristics of rural areas and determines the charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage system in combination with the system structure and photovoltaic output characteristics.Meanwhile,it comprehensively considers power grid load characteristics,rural peak-valley electricity price,environmental benefits and other economic factors in a rural area in Guangdong province,and takes the maximum photovoltaic utilization rate and the optimal economy as the optimization objective to establish a microgrid photovoltaic and energy storage optimization configuration model based on the improved genetic algorithm.On the basis of the operation data of a microgrid in a rural area in Guangdong for simulation analysis,the paper respectively analyzes several types of scenarios including rural areas with industrial zone,rural areas mainly for agriculture and remote rural areas.The research results show that the optimized photovoltaic and energy storage system can effectively improve the photovoltaic utilization rate and economy of the microgrid system and the model can provide a reference for the design of photovoltaic and energy storage configuration schemes for microgrids in other rural areas.