基于无人机航测技术分析采煤沉陷区地面沉降的研究

A study on land subsidence in the coal-mining area based on UAV aerial survey technology

中国是世界上煤炭资源较丰富的国家之一。煤炭资源的开发促进了中国经济的快速发展。然而,大量地下开采引起的煤矿地表塌陷对开采环境造成了严重的影响和危害。安徽省淮南地区煤炭资源十分丰富,随着地下采矿活动的进行,发生着不同程度的地面沉降。为掌握沉陷区地面沉降现状,通过无人机航测技术对淮南采煤沉陷区进行摄影测量,并通过后期软件对两期数据的处理,生成点云,DEM对比分析,建立三维影像模型,得出沉陷区监测时间段的地面沉降情况。监测成果可以为灾害防治与预警提供基础数据,为沉陷区生态修复的方向及方式等提供依据。

China is one of the countries with rich coal resources in the world.The exploitation of coal resources has promoted the rapid development of Chinese economy.However,land subsidence caused by large underground mining has seriously affected and harmed the mining environment.Coal resources are very rich in the Huainan area,Anhui Province,where land subsidence occurs to different degrees with the development of underground mining.In order to have a clear picture of the stricken area,photogrammetry was carried out in the Huainan coal mining subsidence area by UAV aerial survey technology,and the data of two periods were processed later by software to generate point cloud and DEM,and a comparative analysis was made to establish a three-dimensional image model and obtain the land subsidence in the monitoring period of the subsidence area.The monitoring results can provide basic data for prevention and early warning of the hazard,and provide a basis for guiding ecological restoration in the subsidence area.