青海西宁地区不同宿主棘球蚴和多头蚴感染情况调查

Prevalence of Echinococcus granulosus and Taenia multiceps infections among livestock in the Xining Area of Qinghai Province

目的调查西宁市不同宿主(牛、羊和犬)棘球蚴和多头蚴感染情况。方法于2020—2021年检查西宁市部分地区牛羊屠宰点1024头份内脏(肺脏和肝脏)和胴体是否存在囊肿,并统计囊肿阳性率;对屠宰点附近46只家犬药物驱虫,统计细粒棘球绦虫和多头带绦虫感染情况。应用PCR法对57个绦虫(蚴)分离株线粒体细胞色素I基因序列(cox1)进行扩增、测序与分析。结果52份牛羊内脏或胴体存在囊肿,平均检出率为5.08%(95%CI:3.94%~7.00%),其中牛和羊检出率分别为3.38%(95%CI:0.89%~5.86%)和5.51%(95%CI:3.94%~7.08%);共5只犬粪便中存在绦虫或节片,平均检出率为10.87%(95%CI:1.52%~20.21%)。57个虫株cox1序列长度基本一致,为420~426 bp,其中,序列分析发现51个虫株为细粒棘球绦虫,均为G1基因型,其序列相似性为99.94%~100.00%,与已知细粒棘球绦虫分离株(AB271235和KX527915)序列相似性为99.93%~100.00%;6个虫株为多头带绦虫,序列相似性为99.40%~100.00%,与已知多头带绦虫分离株(MZ348363)序列相似性为99.20%~99.80%。结论西宁地区牛羊细粒棘球绦虫和多头带绦虫的流行情况较严重,应引起足够的重视。

Both Echinococcosis granulosus and Taenia multiceps infections can lead to hydatids disease in goats and cattle.This study was aimed at investigating the prevalence of E.granulosus and T.multiceps among livestock in Xining City,to aid in disease prevention and control.From 2020 to 2021,1024 viscera(lung and liver)and ketone bodies from cattle and sheep from selected areas of Xining city were examined for the presence of cysts.Meanwhile,46 dogs near the slaughterhouse were treated with drugs to eliminate E.granulosus and T.multiceps infections.The partial mitochondrial cytochrome I gene(cox 1)sequences of 57 tapeworm(cercariae)isolates were amplified,sequenced and analyzed by PCR.Cysts were found in 52 viscera or carcasses,with an average detection rate of 5.08%(52/1024).The detection rates in samples from cattle and sheep were 3.38%(7/207)and 5.51%(45/817),respectively.Tapeworm fragments or adult tapeworms were found in the feces of five dogs,and the average detection rate was 10.87%(5/46).The length of the mitochondrial cox1 sequence in 57 strains was 420-426 bp.Further analysis identified 51 strains as E.granulosus,belonging to the G1 genotype.The sequence similarity among these isolates was 99.94%-100.00%,and the isolates showed 99.93%-100.00%sequence similarity with the E.granulosus isolates available in GenBank.The other strains were identified as T.multiceps,and showed 99.40%-100.00%sequence homology with one another and 99.20%-99.80%sequence similarity with T.multiceps strains available in GenBank.The above results revealed the severely high prevalence of E.granulosus and T.multiceps in cattle and sheep in Xining Area,which warrants substantial attention.