美英澳三边安全伙伴关系与对亚太安全秩序的挑战——基于施动者—结构的分析

The Trilateral Security Partnership of the United States,the United Kingdom and Australia and Its Challenges to the Asia⁃Pacific Security Order:Based on Agent⁃Structure Analysis

美国在亚太安全秩序中占据绝对权力优势,东盟扮演着机制规范的“中心性”角色,中国在观念共识层面的引领性作用突出。优势各异的多元施动者不仅是亚太安全秩序弱稳定性的来源,也是影响地区秩序维系与结构变动的主要因素。美英澳安全合作可追溯至第二次世界大战时期的三方军事协作,曾在权力、观念与制度维度挑战了地区与国际秩序。2021年9月以来,美英澳三边安全伙伴关系的发展给亚太安全秩序带来诸多挑战。该安全伙伴关系在权力维度将推动亚太地区权力格局复杂化,削弱地区与国际军控体系。其在观念层面对“小多边”身份认同的强调,会强化地区阵营对抗与观念分歧。美英澳三方实施的“安全化动议”在削弱东盟主导的机制规范影响力的同时,也将增加亚太安全秩序的不稳定性。

The United States occupies absolute power superiority in the Asia-Pacific security order,the ASEAN plays a central role in the regional mechanisms and norms,and China plays a leading role in promoting regional conceptual consensus.Various agents with its own advantage are not only the source of the weak stability of the Asia-Pacific security order,but also main factors of affecting the maintenance of regional order and structural change.The security cooperation between the United States,the United Kingdom and Australia can be traced back to the military cooperation during the Second World War,and the trilateral cooperation has challenged the regional and international order from the dimensions of power,concepts and institutions.Since September 2021,the trilateral security partnership between the US,the UK and Australia is bringing many challenges to the Asia-Pacific security order.The security partnership will complicate the power structure in the Asia-Pacific region and weaken the regional and international arms control system in terms of the power dimension.The emphasis of minilateralism identified by the three sides at the conceptual level will strengthen the regional camp confrontation and divergence.While weakening the influence of the ASEAN-led mechanisms and norms,the implementation of tactics of securitization will increase the instability of the Asia-Pacific security order.