组织蛋白酶在糖尿病及糖尿病肾病作用机制中的研究进展

Research progress of cathepsin in the mechanism of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy

组织蛋白酶(cathepsin,CTS)是哺乳动物体内最重要的蛋白水解酶之一,在细胞内外均存在。其在体内参与多种生理、病理过程,如调节自噬、细胞凋亡、维持细胞外基质稳态、抗原提呈、病毒感染及炎症等。近年来其与代谢性疾病的关系受到了广泛关注,组织蛋白酶B(cathepsin B,CTSB)、组织蛋白酶D(cathepsin D,CTSD)、组织蛋白酶L(cathepsin L,CTSL)、组织蛋白酶S(cathepsin S,CTSS)被认为是代谢性疾病中的主要参与者,它们参与糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)及糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)的发病及进展过程,可能成为潜在的预测及治疗新靶点。本文主要对CTSB、CTSD、CTSL、CTSS在DM及DN中的作用及机制进行综述。

Cathepsin is one of the most important proteolytic enzymes in mammals,which exists both intracellularly and extracellularly.It participates in various physiological and pathological processes in vivo such as regulating autophagy,cell apoptosis,maintaining extracellular matrix homeostasis,antigen presentation,viral infection and inflammation.In recent years,cathepsin B(CTSB),cathepsin D(CTSD),cathepsin L(CTSL),and cathepsin S(CTSS)have been considered to be the main players in metabolic diseases.They are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of mellitus(DM)and diabetic nephropathy(DN)and may become potential new targets for prediction and treatment.This article reviews the role and mechanism of CTSB,CTSD,CTSL,and CTSS in DM and DN.