大鼠皮瓣模型的种类及其皮瓣成活的策略

Types of rat flap models and strategies for flap survival

皮瓣手术是通过手术的方式将皮肤和皮下组织,包括深部的肌肉来切取完以后,形成覆盖缺损去创面的一种手术方式,其广泛运用于各种各样皮肤缺失、骨质外露,且无法用传统的手术植皮方式来修复创面。但该手术在实施过程中存在寻找供应皮瓣血管寻找困难和移植后皮瓣的血运保护困难的情况。为了更加深入的了解皮瓣的血供情况以及探究如何提高皮瓣存活率,有大量的研究学者建立了大批的皮瓣大鼠模型并给予不同的治疗方案,旨在增加临床上移植皮瓣的存活率。如今,许多各种不同部位、功能的皮瓣大鼠模型均被建立,并且给予了不同的治疗方案,通过动物实验,改善和扩充了皮瓣手术的操作方式,降低了皮瓣的坏死率,同时研究出了一些新的治疗方案,为未来皮瓣手术的发展奠定了理论基础。本文目的及意义是对现有大鼠皮瓣模型的种类及其皮瓣成活的策略,未来的技术创新做一综述并为后续大鼠皮瓣模型的研究提供相应依据。

Flap surgery is a surgical method to cover a defect and remove a wound after skin and subcutaneous tissue,including deep muscles,are cut by surgery.It is widely used for various skin defects and bone exposure that cannot be repaired by traditional surgical skin grafting.However,finding vessels to supply the flap and protect the blood supply of the flap after transplantation is difficult.To better understand the blood supply of the flap and explore how to improve the survival rate of the flap,numerous researchers have established a large number of rat models of the flap and applied various treatment schemes to increase the survival rate of the transplanted flap in clinical practice.Currently,many rat models of skin flaps with various parts and functions have been established,and various treatment schemes have been developed.Through animal experiments,the operation mode of skin flap surgery has been improved and expanded,and the necrosis rate of a skin flap has been reduced.Moreover,some new treatment schemes have been developed,which lays a theoretical foundation for the development of skin flap surgery in the future.The purpose and significance of this paper was to summarize the types of existing rat flap models and their flap survival strategies,future technological innovations and to provide a corresponding basis for the follow-up study of rat skin flap model.