KATP通道与帕金森病发病机制的研究进展

Research Progress of KATP Channel and Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease

ATP敏感性钾通道(ATP-sensitive potassium channels,KATP)是一种内向整流钾通道,在人体胰岛、心脏、骨骼肌、血管平滑肌、大脑等组织细胞中广泛分布,其通过将兴奋性与细胞能量状态相匹配来充当代谢控制的兴奋制动器。在神经系统中,KATP广泛分布在黑质、海马、新皮质、迷走神经背侧核、外周神经等区域的神经细胞内,参与神经元电活动、神经免疫、脑血流量(cerebral blood flow,CBF)等过程调节。作为神经退行性病变的离子通道,KATP通道在预防和诊治帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)中有重要研究价值。

ATP-sensitive potassium channels(KATP)is an inward rectifier potassium channel,widely distributed in human pancreatic islets,heart,skeletal muscle,vascular smooth muscle,brain and other tissue cells,which acts as excitatory brakes for metabolic control by matching excitability to cellular energy state.In the nervous system,KATP is widely distributed in nerve cells in the substantia nigra,hippocampus,neocortex,dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve,and peripheral nerves,and participates in neuronal electrical activity,neuroimmunity,and cerebral blood flow(CBF)and other process adjustments.As an ion channel in neurodegenerative diseases,KATP channel has important research value in the prevention and treatment of Parkinson´s disease(PD).