UKA与TKA治疗老年膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的疗效分析

Efficacy Analysis of UKA and TKA in the Treatment of Medial Compartment Osteoarthritis of the Knee Joint in the Elderly

目的 探究为老年膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎患者分别应用膝关节单髁置换术(unicompartmental knee arthroplasty,UKA)与全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)的治疗效果。方法 随机选取2020年2月—2022年1月经聊城市中医医院确诊并治疗的膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎老年患者60例,以置换手术的差异性作为分组依据,分为对照组(30例)和研究组(30例)。对照组采用TKA治疗,研究组采用UKA治疗。比较两组手术指标、膝关节功能、不良反应发生情况。结果 与对照组相比,研究组患者手术用时(68.21±8.62)min及住院时间(8.42±2.61)d更短,术中出血量(221.24±36.89)mL更少,差异有统计学意义(t=6.701、4.576、13.632,P<0.05)。术前,两组膝关节功能评分、临床评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组术后膝关节功能评分(81.24±6.33)分、临床评分(83.96±6.31)分优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.094、3.161,P<0.05)。研究组未出现任何不良事件,而对照组1例(3.33%)患者发生血栓,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 为老年膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎患者选用UKA取得了令人满意的效果,不仅手术实施得更快,造成的出血更少,而且可加快术后患者膝关节功能的好转,减少不良事件的发生。

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA)and total knee arthroplasty(TKA)in elderly patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee.Methods Sixty elderly patients with knee medial compartment osteoarthritis diagnosed and treated at Liaocheng Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from February 2020 to January 2022 were randomly selected.Based on the differences in replacement surgery,they were divided into a control group(30 cases)and a study group(30 cases).The control group received TKA treatment,while the study group received UKA treatment.Compared the surgical indicators,knee joint function,and incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the study group had shorter surgical time(68.21±8.62)min and hospital stay(8.42±2.61)d,and less bleeding during surgery(221.24±36.89)mL,and the difference was statistically significant(t=6.701,4.576,13.632,P<0.05).Before surgery,there was no statistically significant difference in knee joint function score and clinical score between the two groups(P>0.05);the postoperative knee joint function score(81.24±6.33)points and clinical score(83.96±6.31)points in the study group were better than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.094, 3.161, P<0.05). There were no adverse events in the study group, while one patient (3.33%) in the control group developedthrombosis, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion The use of UKA for elderly patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee joint has achieved satisfactory results. Not only is the surgeryperformed faster, resulting in less bleeding, but it can also accelerate the improvement of knee joint function in postoperative patients and reduce the occurrence of adverse events.