短节段椎弓根钉固定手术治疗脊柱骨折对患者Cobb角、脊髓功能的影响

Effects of Short Segmental Pedicle Nail Fixation Surgery for Spinal Fractures on Cobb Angle and Spinal Cord Function in Patients

目的 探讨短节段椎弓根钉固定手术对脊柱骨折患者的临床治疗效果以及对患者Cobb角和脊髓功能的影响。方法 回顾性选取2020年5月—2021年5月泉州医学高等专科学校附属人民医院收治的100例脊柱骨折患者作为研究对象。根据其采用的手术方式进行分组,采用长节段椎弓根钉固定手术的患者列入对照组(50例),采用短节段椎弓根钉固定手术的患者列入观察组(50例)。比较两组患者术前术后的Cobb角、伤椎前缘高度、脊髓功能和并发症发生率。结果 术前,两组患者Cobb角和伤椎前缘高度指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后,观察组患者Cobb角比对照组明显更小,观察组患者伤椎前缘高度比对照组明显更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术前,两组患者在Frankel脊髓损伤分级情况中比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后,观察组的A级例数和B级例数比对照组明显更少,观察组的D级例数和E级例数比对照组明显更多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的并发症发生率(4.00%)比对照组(20.00%)明显更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 脊柱骨折患者采用短节段椎弓根钉固定手术治疗,有利于改善Cobb角和椎体高度,加速脊髓功能恢复,减少并发症的发生。

Objective Explore the clinical treatment effect of short segment pedicle screw fixation surgery on patients with spinal fractures and its impact on Cobb angle and spinal cord function.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 100 patients with spinal fractures admitted to the People's Hospital Affiliated to Quanzhou Medical College from May 2020 to May 2021.According to the surgical method used,patients who underwent long segment pedicle screw fixation surgery were included in the control group(50 cases),while patients who underwent short segment pedicle screw fixation surgery were included in the observation group(50 cases).Compare the Cobb angle,anterior edge height of the injured vertebra,spinal cord function,and incidence of complications between two groups of patients before and after surgery.Results Before surgery,there was no statistically significant difference in Cobb angle and anterior edge height between the two groups of patients(P>0.05);after surgery,the Cobb angle of patients in the observation group was significantly smaller than that in the control group,and the height of the anterior edge of the injured vertebra in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);before surgery,there was no statistically significant difference in Frankel spinal cord injury grading between the two groups of patients(P>0.05);after surgery,the number of A-grade and B-grade cases in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,while the number of D-grade and Egrade cases in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the incidence of complications in the observation group was 4.00%,which was significantly lower than the 20.00%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The use of short segment pedicle screw fixation surgery for spinal fracture patients is beneficial for improving Cobb angle and vertebral height,accelerating spinal cord function recovery,and reducing the occurrence of complications.