血液透析患者不同时期的心理与心理护理效果探讨

Discussion on Psychology and Psychological Nursing Effects of Hemodialysis Patients in Different Periods

目的 研究血液透析患者不同时期的心理特征,并比较心理护理对血液透析患者产生的效果。方法随机选取2019年1月—2020年12月三明市沙县区总医院收治的75例血液透析患者,使用随机数表法分为观察组(40例,实施常规护理与心理护理结合方案)与对照组(35例,使用常规护理方法),对比两组患者护理总满意度、SAS评分、SDS评分与汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分。结果 护理后,观察组护理总满意度为95.00%,高于对照组的74.29%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.399,P=0.011)。护理后,观察组SDS(47.24±4.28)分、SAS(42.51±3.23)分低于对照组SDS(50.32±5.67)分、SAS(48.42±4.72)分,差异有统计学意义(t=7.193、11.803,P<0.05)。护理后,观察组HAMD(17.26±2.14)分低于对照组HAMD(19.24±2.31)分,差异有统计学意义(t=3.852,P<0.05)。结论 使用心理护理对血液透析患者进行干预不仅能够提高患者护理满意度,而且有利于纠正焦虑、抑郁等不良心理问题,为患者后期治疗提供良好的心理条件。

Objective To study the psychological characteristics of hemodialysis patients in different periods,and compare the effect of psychological nursing on hemodialysis patients.Methods 75 hemodialysis patients admitted to the Sanming Shaxian District General Hospital in Fujian from January 2019 to December 2020 were randomly selected.They were divided into an observation group(40 cases,implementing a combination of routine nursing and psychological nursing)and a control group(35 cases,using routine nursing methods)using a random number table method.The total nursing satisfaction,SAS score,SDS score,and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)score of the two groups of patients were compared.Results After nursing,the total satisfaction rate with nursing in the observation group was 95.00%,higher than 74.29%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.399,P=0.011).After nursing,the SDS(47.24±4.28)points and SAS(42.51±3.23)points of the observation group were lower than those of the control group(50.32±5.67)points and SAS(48.42±4.72)points,and the difference was statistically significant(t=7.193,11.803,P<0.05).After nursing,the HAMD score(17.26±2.14)points of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(19.24±2.31)points,and the difference was statistically significant(t=3.852,P<0.05).Conclusion Intervention with psychological care for hemodialysis patients can not only improve patient satisfaction with care,but also help correct negative psychological problems such as anxiety and depression,providing good psychological conditions for patients'later treatment.