盐渍化土地可持续利用研究综述及展望

Review and Prospect on Sustainable Utilization of Salinized Land

中国盐碱地面积巨大、分布广泛,经过几十年的改良利用,盐碱荒地锐减、土地生产力成倍提高.目前仍有约1/5的盐渍化耕地存在,且由于耕种管理不当等因素造成土壤盐渍化和次生盐渍化趋于上升、新问题逐渐凸显.土壤盐渍化及盐碱害障碍是影响农业生产的主要因素.科学合理地利用盐渍化土地,是保证地区之间耕地总量动态平衡、实现土地可持续发展的重要手段.基于生产实践和查阅文献,综述盐碱地改良利用技术的研究现状,预测盐渍化土壤改良利用技术未来发展的前景和方向,以期为盐碱地的治理和未来农业发展提供参考.

The saline-alkali land in China is huge in area and widely distributed.After decades of improvement and utilization,the area of saline-alkali wasteland has been sharply reduced and its land productivity has been improved.At present,there are still about 1/5 of salinized farmland,the soil problems of salinization and secondary salinization caused by factors such as improper cultivation management tend to rise,and new problems gradually become prominent.Soil salinization and saline-alkali are the main limiting factors affecting agricultural production,and the improvement and utilization of salinized land are still one of the hot issues in the world.Scientific and rational use of saline-alkali land is an important means to ensure the dynamic balance of total cultivated land between regions and achieve sustainable development.Based on production practice and literature review,the research status of saline-alkali land improvement and utilization technology is summarized.The prospect and direction of improvement and utilization technology of salinized soil are predicted in order to provide reference for the treatment of saline-alkali soil and future agricultural development.