摘要
Transportation is essential to human life and a significant component of a modern economy and societal development.Since its first emergence approximately 5,000 years ago,transportation has experienced evolutionary changes from ancient horse-pulled wagons and dog-pulled sleds to modern airplane and high-speed trains,to future supersonic jets and space shuttles.Since the late 20th century,intelligent transportation systems(ITS)have been developed for improving transportation efficiency,alleviating traffic congestion,increasing roadway,air and sea transportation capacity,reducing energy consumption,and mitigating environmental pollution.
