父母教养投入对青少年情绪和行为适应的影响差异:亲子依恋的中介作用

The Different Effects of Parental Involvement on Adolescents’ Emotional andBehavioral Adjustment:The Mediating Role of Parental-Adolescent Attachment

为比较同一家庭父亲与母亲教养投入对青少年情绪和行为适应的影响及作用机制差异,采用问卷对1155名中小学生进行调查。结果表明:(1)父亲教养投入显著预测青少年情绪适应,母亲教养投入显著预测青少年行为适应;(2)父亲教养投入仅通过父子依恋的完全中介作用影响青少年的情绪和行为适应;母亲教养投入既通过母子依恋的部分中介作用影响青少年的消极行为适应,也通过父子依恋的部分中介作用影响青少年的情绪和行为适应。结论表明:父亲与母亲教养投入对青少年情绪和行为适应的直接影响存在适应领域的特异性,其作用机制也存在差异。本研究精准地区分出父亲与母亲教养投入影响青少年适应性的特定范围及不同的作用机制,这对于同一家庭内的父亲与母亲教养投入的精准干预提供了新的视角。

This study intends to explore the differences in the influence of paternal and maternal involvement on adolescents’emotional and behavioral adjustment and the potential mechanisms.A total of 1155 participants were recruited from several primary and secondary school to complete the questionnaires.The results showed that:(1)The direct influence of paternal and maternal involvement on adolescents’emotional and behavioral adjustment was different.Paternal involvement positively predicted emotional stability and negatively predicted emotional problems;maternal involvement positively predicted prosocial behavior and negatively predicted antisocial behavior.(2)The mediating mechanisms from paternal and maternal involvement to adolescent emotional and behavioral adjustment were different.Specifically,father-adolescent attachment had a significantly mediating effect between paternal involvement and adolescents’emotional and behavioral adjustment;mother-adolescent attachment had a significantly mediating effect between maternal involvement and adolescents’antisocial behavior,father-adolescent attachment had a significantly mediating effect between maternal involvement and adolescents’emotional and behavioral adjustment.These results distinguished the different contributions and mechanisms of paternal and maternal involvement to adolescents’emotional and behavioral adjustment within the same family.From a practical point of view,this study provided a new perspective for precise intervention of paternal and maternal involvement in the same family.