试验工况切换对纯电动汽车续驶里程的影响及优化

Influence and Optimization of Driving Range of Pure Electric Vehicle Based on Different Operating Conditions

过去国家标准使用的新标欧洲循环测试(NEDC)循环工况存在与实际行驶条件不符、测试周期长、计算方式单一等问题。《电动汽车能量消耗量和续驶里程试验方法第1部分:轻型汽车》(GB/T 18386.1—2021)中的工况切换(NEDC至中国轻型车测试周期(CLTC))和测试方法的更新大大推进了我国纯电动汽车续驶里程的测试和评价方法。文章基于缩短法,结合新能源汽车补贴政策,以纯电动汽车为研究对象,重点研究NEDC和CLTC工况下纯电动汽车续驶里程的差异,并分析其影响因素,提出优化策略。结果表明:在对20款纯电动车型的测试中,中国轻型车乘用车试验周期(CLTC-P)循环下测得的续驶里程平均略高于NEDC续驶里程,工况变更导致续驶里程平均增加2.2%。影响续驶里程的因素主要有滚动阻力、空气阻力和电机消耗。

The new European driving cycle(NEDC)conditions used in the past national standards are inconsistent with the actual driving conditions,long test cycle,single calculation method and other problems.The update of the test methods for condition switching(NEDC to China light vehicle test cycle(CLTC))and testing in the Test Method for Energy Consumption and Range of Electric Vehicles Part 1:Light-duty Vehicles(GB/T 18386.1—2021)have significantly advanced the test and evaluation methods for the range of pure electric vehicles in China.Based on the shortening method and combined with the new energy vehicle subsidy policy,this paper takes pure electric vehicles as the research object,focuses on the difference of the driving range of pure electric vehicles under NEDC and CLTC conditions,analyzes its influencing factors,and proposes the optimization strategy.The results show that,in the test of 20 pure electric models,the average driving range measured under China light-duty vehicle test cycle-passenger(CLTC-P)cycle is slightly higher than that of NEDC,and the average driving range increased by 2.2%due to the change of working condition.The main factors affecting the driving range are rolling resistance,air resistance and motor consumption.