机械旋转轴类件的油封结构参数对油封性能的影响分析

Analysis of the Influence of the Oil Seal Structure Parameters of the Mechanical Rotating Shaft Parts on the Oil Seal Performance

油封结构设计的合理性对于油封综合性能有着较大影响。文章利用ABAQUS软件建立油封的有限元分析模型,采用有限元方法对油封在静态和动态下的密封性能进行模拟,探讨油封结构参数对曲轴油封的性能的影响,进而为结构设计提出理论基础。结果表明,在所分析的油封结构参数范围内,曲轴油封唇口两侧的接触压力呈不对称分布,随着油侧唇角、过盈量和理论接触宽度R值的增大,曲轴油封的最大接触压力呈现减小趋势;随着气侧唇角、弹簧劲度系数和腰厚的增大,曲轴油封的最大接触压力呈现增大趋势;随着过盈量、弹簧劲度系数和腰厚的增大,曲轴油封的单位周长径向力呈现增大趋势。建议安装过盈量δ为0.78 mm,油封腰厚为0.09 mm左右的油封,可缓解油封唇口磨损,弹簧的劲度系数为0.869 N/mm左右具有良好的密封性能;气侧唇角β为30°左右可延长油封使用寿命。

The rationality of oil seal structure design has a great impact on the comprehensive performance of oil seal.In this paper,ABAQUS software is used to establish the finite element analysis model of the oil seal,and the finite element method is used to simulate the sealing performance of the oil seal under static and dynamic conditions,and the influence of the structural parameters of the oil seal on the performance of the crankshaft oil seal is discussed,and then a theoretical basis is put forward for the structural design.The results show that the contact pressure on both sides of the crankshaft oil seal lip is asymmetrically distributed within the range of the analyzed oil seal structural parameters,and the maximum contact pressure of the crankshaft oil seal decreases with the increase of the oil side lip angle,interference and theoretical contact width R value;the maximum contact pressure of crankshaft oil seal increases with the increase of air side lip angle,spring stiffness coefficient and waist thickness;and with the increase of interference,spring stiffness coefficient and waist thickness,the radial force per unit circumference of crankshaft oil seal increases.Ecommended installation interferenceδat 0.78 mm,the waist thickness of the oil seal is around 0.09 mm,which can alleviate the wear of the oil seal lip,and the stiffness coefficient of the spring is about 0.869 N/mm,which has good sealing performance;air side lip angleβthe service life of oil seal can be extended at about 30°.