乳化型沥青质分散抑制剂的研制

Development of emulsified asphaltene dispersion inhibitor

为解决重油开采过程中的沥青质沉积问题,对塔河油田井筒沉积物进行了物性分析,研制了一种低毒环保的乳化型分散抑制剂,考察了分散抑制剂的作用机理。结果表明,当乳化体系中的油相分散剂为RJY200,抑制剂为十二烷基苯酚时,抑制率在90%以上;当十二烷基苯磺酸∶S20为7∶3时,乳液体系在常温下静置7 d仍保持稳定。添加沥青质分散抑制剂前后的X射线衍射及扫描电镜表明,沥青质分散抑制剂的作用机理主要是通过氢键、π-π堆积作用等,吸附、嵌入到沥青质分子层间,使沥青质分子的极性减弱,平面堆砌的聚集结构被分散,抑制沥青质沉积物产生。

In order to solve the problem of asphaltene deposition in the process of heavy oil production,the physical properties of wellbore sediments in Tahe oilfield were analyzed.An emulsion dispersion inhibitor with low toxicity and environmental protection was developed.The mechanism of dispersion inhibitor was discussed.The results showed that when the oil phase dispersant in the emulsion system was RJY200 and the inhibitor was dodecyl phenol,the inhibition rate was above 90%;when dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid∶S20 is 7∶3,the lotion system remains stable after standing for 7 d at room temperature.The X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy before and after the addition of asphaltene dispersion inhibitor were studied.Finally,it is concluded that the mechanism of asphaltene dispersion inhibitor is mainly through hydrogen bonding,π-πstacking,etc.,adsorbing and embedding into asphaltene molecular layers,weakening the polarity of asphaltene molecules,dispersing the aggregation structure of planar stacking,and inhibiting the production of asphaltene deposits.