隐含碳及其测算方法研究综述

Review on the Embodied Carbon and Its Accounting Methods

在对国内外现有隐含碳研究文献进行阅读梳理的基础上,从隐含碳的定义、内涵、研究趋势和测算方法出发,重点关注投入产出法在隐含碳研究中的应用,总结现有研究的成果与不足,并提出投入产出法在隐含碳研究中的应用展望。总结得出:隐含碳是各行业产品和服务在全生命周期中的直接和间接碳排放之和,可从生产侧和消费侧两个角度诠释;隐含碳核算方法包括生命周期法和投入产出法,其中投入产出法应用较广,是隐含碳研究的主流方法;投入产出法主要应用于生产、贸易领域的测算及影响因素分析,研究隐含碳在产业部门和地区之间的转移;隐含碳研究客观上将呈现出核算方法精细化、研究尺度具体化、应用场景多元化趋势。今后研究可综合集成多种方法,弥补投入产出法的缺陷,使其在隐含碳核算、隐含碳流动驱动机制、隐含碳排放情景预测等方面发挥更大作用。

Based on the literature review of existing embodied carbon at home and abroad,the research development course of embodied carbon and its measurement method were explored.The definition,connotation,research trend of embodied carbon and measuring methods were analyzed,especially focused on the application of input-output method in embodied carbon.Then the research summarized the existing research results and deficiencies,and proposed the application prospect of input-output method in embodied carbon research.It is concluded that:Embodied carbon is the sum of direct and indirect carbon emissions in the whole life cycle of products and services of various industries,which can be interpreted from the perspectives of production side and consumption side.Embodied carbon accounting methods included life cycle method and input-output method,among which input-output method is the mainstream method for carbon sequestration research.Input-output method was mainly applied to the calculation of production and trade and the analysis of influencing factors,to study the transfer of the carbon between industrial sectors and regions.The research on embodied carbon would show the trend of refined accounting methods,specific research scale and diversified application scenarios.In future studies,a variety of methods can be integrated to make up for the shortcomings of input-output method,so that it can play a greater role in the embodied carbon accounting,embodied carbon flow’s driving mechanism,and the scenario prediction of the embodied carbon emissions.