腐熟油茶壳在蔬菜育苗基质上的应用研究

Application of Compost Camellia Shell as Vegetable Seedling Substrate

本文将腐熟油茶壳、草炭、珍珠岩、蛭石作为原料进行基质复配,并对不同配比复合基质的理化性状及其作为蔬菜育苗基质的应用效果进行了研究,筛选出优质基质配方。结果表明:(1)电导率以及基质的速效养分含量随腐熟油茶壳占比的增加而增大;(2)通过不同基质配比的蔬菜育苗试验,筛选出最佳的基质配方为T1处理(草炭、腐熟油茶壳、蛭石和珍珠岩的体积比为3∶1∶1∶1),此处理下芥菜和菜心的出苗率分别为97.22%和98.61%,幼苗地上部、地下部生物量高于对照及其他处理,株高、茎粗、叶面积、叶绿素含量、壮苗指数等指标均较好;T5处理(草炭、腐熟油茶壳、蛭石和珍珠岩的体积比为0∶4∶1∶1)育苗效果最差,其出苗率和生长指标均显著低于其他处理。因此,腐熟油茶壳经过复配可以作为良好的育苗基质材料部分代替草炭用于蔬菜育苗。

Compost camellia shell,peat,perlite and vermiculite were combined in various ratios as seedling substrates.Physiochemical properties and functions as substrates for vegetable breeding were studied to select high-quality formula suitable for vegetable seedlings.The results showed that:(1)The higher the camellia shell proportion in mixed substrate,the higher the EC value and available nutrient content of substrate materials.(2)Though experiment of vegetable seeding cultivation with different substrate formula,the best formula selected was T1 treatment(volume ratio of peat,compost camellia shell,vermiculite and perlite was 3∶1∶1∶1),the seeding emergence rate of Brassica juncea and B.chinensis L.were 97.22%and 98.61%,respectively;the biomass of the above-ground and under-ground parts were higher than those of control and other treatments,and the plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,chlorophyll content and strong seedling index of the formula were also better;yet T5 treatment(volume ratio of peat,compost camellia shell,vermiculite and perlite was 0∶4∶1∶1)had the least breeding effect for seedlings,in which seeding emergence rate and growth indexes were lower than those of other treatments.Therefore,compost camellia shell in combinations is a good substrate material,which can partially replace peat for vegetable seedling.