基于风险评估模型探讨暂不开发地块的管控措施——以贵州省某地块为例

The Control Measures of the Temporarily Undeveloped Land Parcel Based on the Risk Assessment Model——Take a Land Parcel in Guizhou Province as an Example

偏远地区非法生产企业被关停,污染土地未处置成为了历史遗留问题。本文对贵州省某地块污染状况进行风险评估,提出暂不开发地块管控措施并探究措施的有效性。结果表明,该地块超第一类用地的筛选值和背景值的污染物为铅、镉、砷,主要风险暴露途径为经口摄入土壤,采取封闭地块、硬化污染区域、管控人员出入等风险管控措施后,该地块砷造成的致癌风险和非致癌风险分别降低了768倍和335倍,地块土壤引起儿童血铅浓度大于10μg/dL的概率降低了445.6倍,均在可接受水平内。因此,采取合适的风险管控可以有效的降低污染地块的潜在人体健康威胁。

Many illegal production enterprises in remote areas have been shut down,and the untreated contaminated land parcels have become legacy of history.This paper carried out risk assessment on the pollution situation of a land parcel in Guizhou Province,proposed control measures of the temporarily undeveloped land parcel and explored the effectiveness of these measures.The results showed that the pollutants exceeding the standard limit in this plot were lead,cadmium and arsenic.The main risk exposure route was oral intake of soil.After taking risk control measures such as closing the plot,hardening the contaminated area,and controlling personnel access,the carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk caused by arsenic in this plot were reduced by 768 times and 335 times respectively,and the blood lead concentration of children reach to more than 10μg/dL caused by soil in the plot was reduced by 445.6 times,which is within the acceptable level.Therefore,appropriate risk management and control can effectively reduce the potential human health threat of the contaminated land.