基于不同变异果型比较酸枣仁药材内在品质差异

Compare the Internal Quality Differences of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen Based on the Different Variation Fruit Shapes

目的:研究不同果型酸枣仁药材质量差异,分析酸枣仁药材主要成分与其果实表型性状的相关性。方法:以山西省内8个主产区的野生酸枣果实为研究材料,对其果实的纵横径、单果重、果型指数、种子的长宽、单粒重、种子长宽比进行测定和统计分析;采用HPLC-UV/ELSD方法测定不同果型酸枣仁中木兰花碱、斯皮诺素、6'''-阿魏酰斯皮诺素、酸枣仁皂苷A、酸枣仁皂苷B等5种成分含量并进行比较;利用Pearson相关性分析和灰度关联分析其表型性状与主要成分的相关性。结果:酸枣果实表型多样性丰富,其变异系数为3.81%~27.06%;不同果型酸枣仁含量测定结果表明,圆型和椭圆型酸枣中的木兰花碱、斯皮诺素、6'''-阿魏酰斯皮诺素、酸枣仁皂苷A含量均高于苹果型、纺锤型、梨型,酸枣仁皂苷B含量在不同果型之间差异较小。通过Pearson相关性分析和灰度关联分析,结果显示酸枣果实及其种子的表型性状与主要成分间具有一定关联度,且化学成分与酸枣仁的表型性状具有更高的关联度。结论:依据酸枣果实的表型性状可初步评价酸枣仁药材的质量,该研究为酸枣仁品种选育、质量评价、商品等级划分提供理论依据。

Objective:To study the quality difference of different fruit types of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen(ZSS)and analyze the correlation of main components and fruit phenotypic traits in ZSS.Methods:The wild Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa fruits in 8 districts of Shanxi Province were used as materials.The longi-tudinal and transverse diameter of fruit,single fruit weight,fruit shape index,seed length and width,single seed weight,and ratio of seed length to width were measured and analyzed.Five main chemical components were determined and compared by HPLC-UV/ELSD method in different fruit shapes,that in-cluding magnoflorine,spinosin,6'''-feruloylspinosin,jujuboside A,jujuboside B.Pearson and gray-scale association analysis were explored between its phenotypic traits and main components.Results:The fruit of Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa was rich in phenotypic diversity.The coefficient of variation of its phe-notypic traits was 3.81%to 27.06%.The results showed that the contents of magnoliphine,spinosin,6'''-ferulicspinosin and jujuboside A in round and elliptic fruit shapes were higher than those in apple,spin-dle and pear shapes,while the content of jujuboside B showed little difference among different fruit shapes.Through pearson and grayscale correlation analysis,the results showed that the phenotypic char-acters of Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa fruits and ZSS were correlated with the chemical components to a cer-tain extent.The chemical components of ZSS were correlated with the phenotypic characters to a high de-gree.Conclusion:According to the phenotypic traits,the quality of ZSS could be evaluated.The research provided the theoretical basis for breeding,quality evaluation and commercial grade classification of ZSS.