荀子“仁义之兵”的阐述路径及其对现实挑战的回应

The Path of Xun Zi’s “Army of Benevolence and Righteousness”and Its Response to Real-World Challenges

荀子“仁义之兵”思想的阐述,有两个基本路径:一是荀子秉承孔子的军事思想,力图打造“仁义之兵”,以“禁暴除害”。二是荀子面对父母之国“亡国之形”的现实,欲以构建“仁义之兵”以弥补其军事地理上的不足。但当时盛行“以便从事”的用兵之道,对荀子的“仁义之兵”构成了现实的挑战。荀子从“本末关系”和“壹民”两个角度入手,对“仁义之兵”在现实层面遭受的挑战进行了回应。

There are two basic paths to the development of Xun Zi’s thought of“army of benevolence and righteousness”:one is to adhere to Confucian military thought and strive to create an“army of benevolence and righteousness”that“forbids violence and eliminates harm”.The other is to confront the reality of the country’s collapse and seek to compensate for the military geography’s shortcomings by constructing an“army of benevolence and righteousness”.However,at the time,the prevailing way of warfare was based on the principle of“convenience for action”,which posed a real challenge to Xun Zi’s thought o“f army of benevolence and righteousness”.Xun Zi responded to the practical challenges faced by“army of benevolence and righteousness”from two perspectives:“the relationship between the root and the tip”and“the people's unity”.