2121例梅毒感染患者流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of 2121 Patients With Syphilis Infection

目的调查2121例梅毒感染患者流行病学并分析其危险行为。方法回顾性分析福建医科大学附属第二医院2018年1月—2021年12月报告的2121例梅毒感染患者的临床资料,对其进行流行病学调查,分析其流行病学特征及危险行为状况。结果2121例梅毒感染患者中有1942例为隐性梅毒,占比91.56%,隐性梅毒构成比呈逐年上升趋势(P<0.05),整体构成比逐年递增,主要传播途径为性传播(90.43%),各季节发病人数相当。2121例梅毒感染患者中男性与女性占比相当,其中男性占比56.29%,女性占比43.71%,高发年龄为41~60岁(42.48%);人群分布特征为婚姻情况为已婚或有配偶(81.71%),家务及待业(57.85%),本市其他县区(78.08%),普遍文化程度在初中及以下(78.69%);有71.95%患者存在多个性伴侣,有65.91%患者存在商业性行为。结论此次研究中梅毒感染患者梅毒类型多为隐性梅毒,年龄分布特征为41~60岁,绝大多数有配偶,普遍文化较低且无固定职业,多数为非本县区人口,主要传播途径为性传播,多数患者有不洁性生活,针对此,临床应采取相应的监管及防控措施。

Objective To investigate the epidemiology of 2121 patients with syphilis infection and analyze the risk behaviors.Methods The clinical data of 2121 patients with syphilis infection reported from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed,and the epidemiological investigation was performed and the epidemiological characteristics and risk behaviors were analyzed.Results Among the 2121 patients with syphilis infection,1942 cases were with recessive syphilis(91.56%),and the recessive syphilis component ratio showed an increasing trend year by year(P<0.05),and the overall component ratio was increased year by year,and the main transmission route was sexual transmission(90.43%),and the number of cases was similar in different seasons.Among the 2121 patients with syphilis infection,male and female accounted for the same proportion,among which male accounted for 56.29%and female accounted for 43.71%.The age of high incidence was 41-60 years(42.48%).The distribution characteristics of the population were as follows,married or with spouse(81.71%),housework and unemployed(57.85%),other counties in this city(78.08%)and general education level in middle school or below(78.69%).There were 71.95%of patients with multiple sexual partners,65.91%of the patients had commercial sex.Conclusion In this study,the type of syphilis in patients infected with syphilis was mostly recessive syphilis,the age distribution is from 41 to 60 years old,most of patients had spouses,the general education level is low and no fixed occupation,most of them are not the population of the county,the main route of transmission is sexual transmission,and most patients have unclean sexual life.In view of this,it it necessary to take clinical supervision and control measures.