“双碳”目标下油气生产系统清洁替代及再电气化路径思考

Thinking of Clean Replacement and Re-electrification Path for Oil and Gas Production System under Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Goals

“双碳”目标下,油气田企业担负着稳油增气和降耗减碳的双重任务,在加大生产用能清洁替代、增加油气商品供应的过程中,技术和经济方面仍面临多重挑战,实现低成本有效益的清洁替代及再电气化需要生产系统再造。研究提出了油气田企业推动深度再电气化、全面实施生产系统再造的工作思路:(1)构建高效再电气化工艺流程,通过集中燃气加热改为分散式电加热,充分利用热泵技术挖掘油田低温热资源,探索前端就地放水流程及高效电强化处理技术与设备,用能效率显著提高;(2)形成绿色低碳智能化的变工况生产模式,通过油井绿色间开,建设零碳、低碳井场,集输系统间歇加热处理,实施变负荷注水和变流量注汽,合理利用谷电,探索智能化协同控制,实现大规模绿电消纳;(3)建立与系统再造配套的分布式供能体系,降低实施以电代气能源转换后的生产运行成本,提高终端用能绿电消费占比。最终形成以清洁能源为主的绿色低碳油气生产系统,全面助力碳达峰碳中和目标实现。

Under goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality,the oil and gas field enterprises undertake the tasks of stabilizing the oil and gas production and reducing energy consumption and carbon emission.They still face a number of challenges,both technologically and economically,in their efforts to increase clean energy for production and boost the supply of oil and gas commodities.Realization of low-cost and effective clean replacement and re-electrification calls for renovation of the production system.This study comes up with the working mindset for the oil and gas field enterprises to focus on in-depth re-electrification and renovation of the production system.(1)The effective technical process for re-electrification was established to change the concentrated gas-fired heating into distributed electric heating.The heat pump technology was fully used to tap the lowtemperature geothermal resources of the oil and gas fields.The study was made of the front-end on-the-site drainage process and high-efficiency electric strengthening treatment technology and equipment.As a result,the energy efficiency was raised remarkably.(2)The green,low-carbon and intelligent production model was established with the working conditions able to be adjustable.The oil well uses green electricity and implements an intermittent operation mode.The zero-carbon and low-carbon well pattern was established with the transferring and gathering system coming under intermittent heating treatment.The other measures included variable load water injection and variable flow gas injection,reasonable use of valley electricity,study of intelligent synergetic control and large-scale consumption and absorption of green electricity.(3)The distributed energy-supplying system was established in match with the restructured system to reduce the production and operational cost for energy transition to electricity from gas and improve the proportion of green electricity consumed by terminal users.Finally,the green and low-carbon oil and gas production system focusing on clean energy was established to help fulfill the carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals.