不同新梢密度‘赤霞珠’葡萄果实品质的差异性分析

Differential Analysis of Fruit Quality of‘Cabernet Sauvignon’Grapevines with Different Shoot Densities

选用宁夏贺兰山东麓青铜峡葡萄酒产区5 a生‘赤霞珠’葡萄为试材,设置4个新梢密度,分别为15、20、25、30个/m,对不同新梢密度葡萄果实的基本理化指标、酚类及香气物质进行检测分析,并对单体花色苷及果实综合品质进行主成分分析。结果表明:不同新梢密度的果穗、果粒物理指标及果实糖、酸、酚类物质、香气物质等化学指标存在差异(P<0.05),单体花色苷总量及香气物质总量与新梢密度呈负相关,且新梢较低密度(15~20个/m)葡萄果实的基本理化指标、酚类及香气物质综合表现较好。单体花色苷含量的主成分分析能将不同处理很好区分,新梢密度15个/m的处理对单体花色苷含量的影响更为明显。果实综合得分从高到低依次为新梢密度15、20、30、25个/m的处理。结论:在宁夏青铜峡产区,酿酒葡萄‘赤霞珠’新梢密度设置为15~20个/m时,果实综合品质表现最佳。

The basic physicochemical indicators,phenolic composition and aroma composition of fruits from five-yearold‘Cabernet Sauvignon’grapevines with four shoot densities of 15,20,25,and 30/m from the wine production area of the Qingtong Gorge at the eastern foothill of Helan Mountain in Ningxia were analyzed,and principal component analysis(PCA)was used to investigate monomeric anthocyanin contents and comprehensive fruit quality.The results showed that there were differences in the physical indicators of grape bunches and individual grapes and the chemical indicators such as sugar,acid,phenolics,and aroma substances among different shoot densities(P<0.05).The contents of total monomeric anthocyanins and total aroma compounds were negatively correlated with shoot density,and the basic physicochemical indicators,phenolic composition and overall aroma quality of grapes with lower shoot density(15-20 m)were better.The PCA performed on monomeric anthocyanin contents showed a clear distinguishment between the different treatments,and the shoot density of 15/m had more obvious effect on monomeric anthocyanin contents.The decreasing order of the comprehensive fruit scores was 15>20>30>25/m.In conclusion,for‘Cabernet Sauvignon’grapes in the wine production area of the Qingtong Gorge,the comprehensive fruit quality was best at a shoot density of 15-20/m.