马克思信用批判理论的内在逻辑

The Internal Logic of Marx’s Credit Critique

马克思对现代信用制度的反思蕴含着人本主义批判、政治经济学批判和资本逻辑批判三个向度的内在逻辑:一是早年《1844年经济学哲学手稿》从人本主义批判的逻辑进路,明确提出信任异化问题,并将信用视为人与人之间“符合人性”的信任关系的假象;二是《资本论》从政治经济学角度把信用事业视为有利于资本联合的“一个崭新的力量”,并充分剖析信用经济的诸多弊端;三是《资本论》第三卷提出信用拜物教概念,以此上升到资本逻辑批判和社会观念批判层面实现对“信用主义”的批判。当下对马克思的信用批判理论的再认识,不仅有助于对现代信用经济体系进行全面审视和价值范导,也有益于在世界金融资本主义时代背景下,合理规避信用主义所带来的人和社会关系的异化。

Marx’s reflection on the modern credit system contains three dimensions of inherent logic:humanistic critique,political economy critique,and capital logic critique.First,in his early work,Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844,Marx criticized the alienation of trust,viewing credit as an illusion of“conformity to human nature”between individuals.Second,in Das Kapital,Marx considered the credit business a“brand-new force”that benefits the union of capital from a political economy perspective while extensively examining the credit economy’s numerous drawbacks.Third,in Volume 3 of Das Kapital,Marx proposed the concept of credit fetishism,which elevated the critique of credit cultism to the level of capital logic and social concept critique.A renewed understanding of Marx’s credit critique theory not only helps to comprehensively review and guide the value of the modern credit economy system but also benefits the reasonable avoidance of the alienation of human and social relations brought about by credit ideology in the context of global financial capitalism.