基于响应面法的棉秆粉碎还田试验

Cotton stalk chopping and returning to field based on response surface method

针对棉秆粉碎还田效果差、粉碎还田装备可靠性差等问题,采用设计的棉秆粉碎还田机,并将粉碎辊转速、甩刀离地高度、机具前进速度作为试验因素,将棉秆粉碎长度合格率、棉秆抛撒不均匀度、留茬平均高度作为试验性能指标进行棉秆粉碎还田单因素和Box-Behnken试验,建立各试验因素和试验性能指标之间的回归方程,确定各试验因素对性能指标的影响规律,并进行优化计算,对优化结果进行试验验证。结果表明:棉秆粉碎还田的最优值为粉碎辊转速为2290 r/min,甩刀离地高度45 mm,机具前进速度1.58 m/s,棉秆粉碎长度合格率95.13%,棉秆抛撒不均匀度12.16%,留茬平均高度42.13 mm,为棉秆粉碎还田机作业和设计提供理论指导。

In view of the problems of poor effect of cotton stalk chopping and returning to field and the poor reliability of chopping and returning equipment,the single factor and Box-Behnken tests of cotton stalk crushing and returning to the field were carried out by using the designed cotton stalk chopping and returning machine.In the test,the rotation speed of chopping roller,height of flail knife off the ground,forward speed of the machine were taken as the test factors,and qualified rate of cotton stalk chopping length,spreading unevenness of cotton stalk and average height of stubble were taken as the test performance indexes.The regression equation between each test factor and test performance index was established,the influence rule of each test factor on the performance index was determined,and optimization calculation was carried out,and the optimization results were verified by tests.The results showed that the optimal value of cotton stalk chopping and returning to field was by rotation speed of chopping roller of 2290 r/min,height of flail knife off the ground of 45 mm,forward speed of the machine of 1.58 m/s,qualified rate of cotton stalk chopping length of 95.13%,spreading unevenness of cotton stalk of 12.16%,average height of stubble of 42.13 mm,which provided theoretical guidance for the operation and the design of cotton stalk chopping and returning machine.