土石坝坝下涵管加固技术综述

Reinforcement Technology for Culvert Pipe under Embankment Dam:A Review

我国土石坝多建于20世纪50~70年代,其输水建筑物多为坝下涵管。限于当时的经济技术装备水平、管理经费短缺及超期服役,坝下涵管病险情普遍,严重影响着水库功能发挥和大坝安全。为此,应根据病害、水库特点采取相应的加固措施。如库区两岸地形地质条件允许,可将原涵管废弃并封堵,在坝体以外新建引水隧洞,或设置将库水跨越大坝从上游引向下游的虹吸管等;涵管自身加固可采用灌注环保增强型聚氨酯密封止水材料修补、管身钢内衬或粘贴碳纤维布加固等。

Most of the embankment dams in China are built in the 1950s to 1970s,and their water conveyance structures are mostly culvert pipes under the dams.Due to the limitations of the economy,technology and equipment,shortage of the management funds and overdue service,the culvert pipes under dams are generally of various illnesses and risks,which seriously affect the functioning of the reservoirs and the safety of the dams.Thus,targeted reinforcement measures should be taken based on the illnesses and the characteristics of the reservoirs.If the topographic and geological conditions of the reservoir banks are suitable,the original culvert pipes can be abandoned and plugged,and new water diversion tunnels can be built outside the dam body,or siphon pipes can be installed to guide the reservoir water from upstream to downstream across the dam.Or,the culvert pipes can be reinforced with environment-friendly reinforced polyurethane sealing materials,steel lining reinforcement or carbon fiber cloth pasting of the pipe body.