政府预算法治化、财政透明度与地方财政效率——基于新《预算法》实施的证据

Legalization of Government Budget,Fiscal Transparency,and Local Fiscal Efficiency:Evidences Based on the Implementation of the New Budget Law

政府预算法治化和财政信息公开是公共预算治理改革的核心目标,对于实现地方财政治理现代化至关重要。从政府预算法治化的崭新视角,借助2015年新《预算法》实施的契机,运用强度双重差分模型(DID)实证分析预算制度改革对地方财政治理效率的影响。研究发现:新《预算法》的实施有利于财政信息公开,从而提高地方财政支出效率。进一步分析表明,政府预算法治化通过提高财政透明度、加强政府审计监督的路径来提升地方财政支出效率。市场制度环境越完善、政府治理效率和社会公众关注度越高的地区,新《预算法》实施对地方财政支出效率的提升效应越明显。因此,应加快政府预算法治化建设,推动财政信息公开透明,完善预算监督、约束和绩效管理的长效机制,提高地方政府治理能力,建立政府与社会公众良好互动的预算协同治理体系,充分发挥新《预算法》实施的财政治理效应。

The legalization of government budgets and the disclosure of financial information are the core goals of the reform of public budget governance,which are crucial for achieving the modernization of local financial governance.From the new perspective of legalizing government budgets,and taking advantage of the implementation of the new Budget Law in 2015,this study empirically analyzes the impact of budget system reform on the efficiency of local financial governance by employing the Intensity Dual Difference Model(DID).The findings show that the implementation of the new Budget Law is conducive to the disclosure of financial information,thereby improving the efficiency of local fiscal expenditure.Further analysis shows that the legalization of government budgets can improve the efficiency of local fiscal expenditures by improving fiscal transparency and strengthening government audit supervision.The more perfect the market institutional environment,the higher the efficiency of government governance,and the higher the level of public attention,the more obvious the improvement effect of the implementation of the new Budget Law on the efficiency of local financial expenditure will be.Therefore,it is necessary to accelerate the construction of the rule of law in government budgeting,promote the transparency of financial information,improve the long-term mechanism of budget supervision,constraints,and performance management,improve the governance capacity of local governments,establish a budget collaborative governance system with good interaction between the government and the public,and fully leverage the financial governance effect of the implementation of the new Budget Law.