健康人群骨密度检测结果分析

Analysis of Bone Mineral Density Detection Results in Healthy Population

目的:探讨健康人群骨密度现状及变化规律,为预防骨量减少和骨质疏松提供科学依据。方法:选取2020年6月—2021年4月在山东省青岛疗养院健康管理中心参加体检的2826例健康受试者作为研究对象,根据年龄和性别分为四组,均采用X线骨密度仪测量其腰椎、股骨颈骨密度,分析不同性别、年龄段人群骨量减少和骨质疏松发生情况。结果:男性青壮年组和男性老年组骨量异常发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);女性老年组骨量异常发生率高于女性青壮年组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);男性青壮年组骨量异常发生率高于女性青壮年组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);女性老年组骨量异常发生率高于男性老年组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:雌激素缺乏可能是女性骨质疏松症的主要病因,维生素D缺乏和不足、不良生活嗜好和生活习惯可能是骨量异常的诱发因素。因此,需要开展健康科普和健康教育,提升居民的健康素养,以预防和干预骨质疏松症。

Objective:To investigate the current situation and change law of bone mineral density in healthy population,and provide scientific basis for preventing osteopenia and osteoporosis.Methods:From June 2020 to April 2021,a total of 2826 healthy subjects who participated in the physical examination at the Health Management Center of Qingdao Sanatorium in Shandong Province were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into four groups according to age and gender.The bone mineral density of lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured by X-ray bone densitometer.The prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in different genders and age groups were analyzed.Results:There was no significant difference in the incidence of bone mass abnormalities between the male young and middle-aged group and the male elderly group(P>0.05).The incidence of bone mass abnormalities in the female elderly group was higher than that in the female young and middle-aged group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The incidence of bone mass abnormalities in the male young and middle-aged group was higher than that in the female young and middle-aged group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The incidence of bone mass abnormalities in the female elderly group was higher than that in the male elderly group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion:Estrogen deficiency is possibly the main cause of osteoporosis in women.Lack or deficiency of vitamin D and bad life habits are possibly the inducers for abnormal bone mass.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out health science popularization and health education,and improve the health literacy of residents,so as to prevent and intervene in osteoporosis.