心理护理在老年高血压患者治疗中的应用

Application of Psychological Nursing in the Treatment of Elderly Hypertensive Patients

目的探讨心理护理在老年高血压患者治疗中的应用效果。方法选取我院收治的94例老年高血压患者,以随机数字表法分为常规护理组(常规护理干预)与心理护理组(心理护理干预)各47例,观察及比较两组的血压控制情况、心理状态评分[使用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)与贝克抑郁问卷(BDI)量表进行评估]以及遵医行为,比较两组干预后护理满意度、心脑血管事件发生率以及生活质量[使用生活质量(QOL)量表进行评估]。结果干预方法与治疗时间存在明显的交互效应,两组收缩压、舒张压均随着治疗时间的延长而有所下降,心理护理组的下降幅度较常规护理组更明显(P<0.05)。干预后,两组的HAMA评分、BDI评分较干预前均有所下降,遵医行为较干预前均有所上升,心理护理组的下降及上升幅度较常规护理组更明显(P<0.05)。干预后,心理护理组的护理满意度高于常规护理组,心脑血管事件发生率低于常规护理组,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。心理护理组患者QOL量表在心理、生理、环境、社会等方面的评分均高于常规护理组,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论对老年高血压患者实施心理护理的效果显著,可有效控制血压水平,改善心理状态,降低心血管事件发生率,利于提高患者满意度。

Objective To investigate the application effect of psychological nursing in the treatment of elderly patients with hypertension.Methods A total of 94 elderly patients with hypertension admitted to our hospital were divided into routine nursing group(usual nursing intervention)and psychological nursing group(psychological nursing intervention)by random number table method,and the blood pressure control,psychological state score[evaluated by Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)and Beck Depression Questionnaire(BDI)scale]and compliance behavior were observed and compared between the two groups,and the post-intervention care satisfaction,Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event rates and quality of life[assessed using the Quality of Life(QOL)scale].Results There was a significant interaction between the intervention method and the treatment time,and the systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased in both groups with the extension of the treatment time,and the decline was more obvious in the psychological nursing group than in the routine nursing group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the HAMA score and BDI score of both groups decreased compared with before the intervention,the compliance behavior increased compared with the pre-intervention period,and the decline and increase were more obvious in the psychological nursing group than in the routine nursing group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the nursing satisfaction of the psychological nursing group were higher than those in the routine nursing group,and the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events was lower than that in the routine nursing group,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).The scores of QOL scale in the psychological nursing group were higher than those in the routine nursing group,and the differences were significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The psychological nursing effect of psychological nursing for elderly hypertensive patients is remarkable,which can effectively control blood pressure level,improve psychological state,reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events,and improve patient satisfaction and quality of life.