新鲜猪心房室传导轴的显微解剖

Microdissection of the atrioventricular conduction axis of fresh porcine heart

目的通过体视显微镜和组织学方法检查新鲜猪心房室传导轴,观察其形态特征。方法采用30例新鲜猪心进行实验,在体视显微镜下进行房室传导轴的解剖探查,观察其形态并测量相关解剖学数据,再通过HE、Masson染色等组织学技术进行形态观察和分析。结果成功地检查猪心房室传导轴(22/30),发现左束支近端呈束状分布,远端呈喇叭口型散开(22例);猪心His束、左束支、右束支的被膜相对较厚,肉眼上容易识别;房室束宽度为(1.58±0.75)mm,房室束长度为(17.56±7.79)mm,左束支近端宽度为(2.40±1.11)mm,左束支与房室束的夹角为(114.46±13.06)°。结论猪心房室束、左束支、右束支的位置及形态可能与人及其他动物略不同。

Objective To observe the morphological characteristics of the atrioventricular conduction axis in fresh porcine heart by the microdissection and histological methods.Methods The anatomical data of the porcine cardiac atrioventricular conduction axis was observed,explored and measured by dissecting 30 cases of fresh porcine hearts under stereomicroscope,and their histological data were observed and analyzed by the conventional HE and Masson's staining techniques.Results The atrioventricular conduction axis was successfully detected in 22 of 30 porcine hearts,and it was found that the proximal portion of left bundle branch was arranged in fascicular,and the distal portion was flared.The capsules of his bundle,left bundle branch,and right bundle branch of porcine heart were relatively thick and easy to identify with the naked eye.The width of the atrioventricular bundle(AVB),the length of AVB,the proximal width of the left bundle branch were(1.58±0.75)mm,(17.56±7.79)mm,(2.40±1.11)mm,respectively,and the angle between the left bundle branch and the AV bundle was(114.46±13.06)°.Conclusions The position and morphological feature of AVB,left bundle branch and right bundle branch in pigs may be slightly different from other animals.