野豌豆属植物遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity of vetch based on seed phenotype and ITS sequences

野豌豆属(Vicia)植物是重要的绿肥作物,对其进行种质鉴定并阐明遗传多样性,可为野豌豆属植物资源的保护和利用提供理论依据。本研究测定并分析了9份野豌豆属植物资源的种子表型和核糖体内转录间隔区(ITS)的序列,将两者结合对其进行种质鉴定并分析遗传多样性。结果表明,种子表型性状中百粒重的变异系数最大,为63.88%,种子长、种子厚和种脐长/种子长的遗传多样性指数最大,均为1.68;ITS序列分析发现,野豌豆属植物rDNA的5.8S区比较保守,ITS1区和ITS2区的变异位点分别为72和37个,ITS1区变异率为29.6%高于ITS2区的17.5%,ITS单倍型多样性为0.972,核苷酸多样性为0.0324,K2P遗传距离为0.0044~0.5616,种子表观聚类图和ITS序列的系统发育树基本一致。将种子表观与ITS序列特征分析相结合可作为野豌豆属植物材料鉴别区分的依据,9份野豌豆属植物资源间具有丰富的遗传多样性。

Vetch(Vicia)is an important crop for green manure.Germplasm identification and genetic diversity were studied to provide a theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of vetch resources.In this study,we determined the seed phenotype and the sequence of the internal transcribed spacer(ITS)in the ribose of nine vetch resources,and the germplasm identification and genetic diversity were analyzed.The results showed that the variation coefficient of the weight of 100 seeds was the largest among the phenotypic traits,at 63.88%,and the genetic diversity index of the seed length,seed thickness,and ratio of umbilical length to seed length was the highest at 1.68.ITS sequence analysis showed that the 5.8S region of rDNA was relatively conserved.There were 72 and 37 variable sites in the ITS1 and ITS2 regions,respectively.The variation rate in the ITS1 region was 29.6%,higher than 17.5%in the ITS2 region,and the haplotype diversity was 0.972,the nucleotide diversity was 0.0324,and the K2P genetic distance was 0.0044~0.5616.The seed morphology clustering diagram was basically consistent with the phylogenetic tree based on the ITS sequence.The combination of seed phenotype and ITS sequence analysis can be used as the basis for the identification and differentiation of vetch plant materials,which have a rich genetic diversity.