基于地理信息系统与层次分析法的武汉市生态环境评价研究

Research on Ecological Environment Assessment of Wuhan District 11 Based on Geographic Information System and Analytic Hierarchy Method

评价城市的生态环境质量,能够为城市的合理用地规划、生态与经济协调可持续发展提供科学依据。本文以湖北省武汉市的十一个区为对象,采用层次分析法和GIS空间分析对研究区的生态环境现状进行评价。该评价体系一级指标有2个,分别为自然因素和社会经济因素,二级指标有10个。按照层次分析法计算,社会经济因素对研究区的生态环境质量影响程度较大,水体的指标因子权重数值最高,达到0.2167;公共服务设施的指标因子权重数值最低,为0.0345。通过对数据的预处理、计算欧氏距离、重分类、加权总和等地理处理,得到研究区生态环境评价结果。综合结果得出,研究区域南部地区的生态环境质量优于北部地区,中部的生态环境质量以长江为轴向两边扩散,外围地区优于江两岸地区。未来武汉市十一区应该更加注重城市生态修复、发展绿色经济,实现可持续协调发展。

Evaluating the ecological environment quality of a city can provide a scientific basis for the rational land use planning of the city and the coordinated and sustainable development of ecology and economy.Taking 11 districts in Wuhan city,Hubei province as examples,this paper uses analytic hierarchy and GIS spatial analysis to evaluate the ecological environment status of the study area.There are 2 first-level indicators in the evaluation system,namely natural factors and socio-economic factors,and 10 second-level indicators.According to the calculation steps of analytic hierarchy,it can be seen that socio-economic factors have a greater impact on the ecological environment quality in the study area,with the highest index factor weight value of water body,reaching 0.2167,and the lowest index factor weight value of public service facilities,only 0.0345.Through the preprocessing of data,calculation of euclidean distance,reclassification,weighted sum and other geoprocessing,the results of ecological environment assessment in the study area are obtained.The comprehensive results show that the ecological environment quality in the southern part of the study area is better than that in the northern region,the ecological environment quality in the central part spreads in the axial direction of the Yangtze River,and the peripheral area is better than the area on both sides of the river.In the future,Wuhan district 11 should pay more attention to urban ecological restoration,develop green economy,and achieve sustainable and coordinated development.