聚焦离子束扫描电子显微镜三维成像技术在肿瘤生物学领域的应用

Applications of Three-Dimensional Imaging Technology of Focused Ion Beam-ScanningElectron Microscopy in Tumor Biology

将聚焦离子束和扫描电子显微镜相整合而形成的双束系统——聚焦离子束扫描电子显微镜(Focused Ion Beam-Scanning Electron Microscopy,FIB-SEM)已成为对生物样品的超微结构进行成像和定量分析的有力工具。该系统既能对硬质生物材料进行铣削,又能在纳米尺度完成对其三维结构的重建。更为重要的是,它还能将组织或器官的宏观形态与组成细胞的内部结构直接关联。本文介绍了FIB-SEM的工作原理和设备组成,对FIB-SEM三维成像在肿瘤及肿瘤干细胞模型、生物打印系统的铣削、成像和超微结构分析,以及癌细胞对纳米颗粒的摄入等肿瘤生物学领域的典型应用进行了概述,并对利用FIB-SEM三维定量和超微结构分析的方法研究线粒体和其他亚细胞结构与癌症发生的关系提出了展望。目的是强化FIB-SEM在肿瘤生物学领域的应用,以揭示肿瘤细胞超微形态和结构变化对肿瘤演进所起的作用,为肿瘤治疗提供新靶标。

Focused ion beam-scanning electron microscope(FIB-SEM),a dual-beam system formed by integrating focused ion beam and scanning electron microscope,has become a powerful tool for imaging and quantitative analysis of the ultrastructure of biological samples.The system can not only mill hard biomaterials,but also reconstruct their threedimensional structure at nanometer scale.More importantly,it can also directly relate the macroscopic morphology of tissues or organs to the internal structure of constituent cells.This paper introduces the working principle and equipment composition of FIB-SEM,and summarizes the typical applications of FIB-SEM three-dimensional imaging in tumor and tumor stem cell models,milling,imaging and ultrastructural analysis of bioprinting systems,and the uptake of nanoparticles by cancer cells in the field of tumor biology.It also puts forward the prospect of studying the relationship between mitochondria and other subcellular structures and carcinogenesis by using three-dimensional quantitative and ultrastructural analysis of FIB-SEM.Faciliating the applications of FIB-SEM in tumor biology may enable to reveal the effects of ultramorphological and ultrastructural changes of tumor cells on tumor progression,thus providing new targets for tumor therapy.